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Global Competitiveness of Chinese Manufacturing Industry, and R＆D, Production Strategy of Japanese Enterprises-from the Perspective of Product Architecture

中国制造业的全球竞争力与日本企业的研发、生产战略——基于产品架构的视角

基本信息

批准号：
15252010
负责人：
FUJIMOTO Takahiro
金额：
$ 17.22万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

"Analysis of the Architecture of Chinese manufacturing Industry" was published in 2005, as a significant achievement of this research. The conclusion is summarized as follows :First, Chinese firms tend to have strength in labor-intensive modular architecture goods while Japanese firms tend to demonstrate global competitiveness in knowledge-intensive integral architecture goods.Second, many machinery industries of China have a mechanism that transforms the existing architecture of a product, which is the significant difference from the manufacturing industry of India and ASEAN countries. That is to say, the Chinese manufacturing firms tend to copy and modify parts of foreign original product, interpret them as de-facto generic components, assemble them by mix-and match methods, and create so-called 'quasi-open modular architectural product.Third, quasi-open modular architecture (above mentioned) is the important element that explains the basic characteristic of Chinese industry such as the flooding of firms, the decrease of prices, the loss of R＆D spending and technological lock-in (the continuance of widespread imitation and modified duplication).Based on the fruit of this research, we started the investigation to compare the analysis result of Chinese manufacturing industry with that of India and ASEAN countries. In the result, we understood some remarkable differences from China such as the comparatively high retention rate of the general worker in Vietnam, the oligopoly competition due to few imitation goods manufacturer in India, the disapproval of a motorcycle of modular architecture made in the market in Thailand, and so on.We plan to analyze systematically such differences from a dynamic perspective of path dependency.

2005年出版的《中国制造业体系结构分析》是本研究的重要成果。研究结论如下：第一，中国企业在劳动密集型模块化建筑产品上更具优势，而日本企业更倾向于在知识密集型整体建筑产品上展示全球竞争力；第二，中国所在的许多机械行业拥有改造现有产品架构的机制，这与印度和东盟国家的制造业存在显著差异。也就是说，中国制造企业倾向于复制和修改国外原创产品的部分内容，将其解释为事实上的通用部件，并通过混合匹配的方法进行组装，形成所谓的准开放模块化体系结构产品。第三，准开放模块化体系结构(上述)是解释中国工业基本特征的重要因素，如企业泛滥、价格下降、研发支出损失和技术锁定(广泛模仿和修改复制的继续)。基于本研究的成果，我们开始调查，将中国制造业的分析结果与印度和东盟国家的分析结果进行比较。结果，我们理解了与中国的一些显著差异，如越南普通工人的保留率相对较高，印度由于仿制产品制造商较少而导致的寡头竞争，泰国市场上对模块化结构摩托车的反对等等，我们计划从路径依赖的动态角度对这些差异进行系统的分析。