Comparative sociological research on trans-national migration, ethnicity and reconstruction of communities.

一、课题概述本课题研究了亚洲两个地区的迁移和迁徙所带来的族群认同的动态变化和社区的重建。研究的主要地区是：东亚地区，特别是中国和朝鲜半岛，以及包括泰国及其周边地区的地区。我们还对法国和加拿大的亚洲移民进行了研究，以比较这两个感兴趣的地区。2、研究结果概述（1）东方国家的外国工人输入一直在稳步扩大，这导致了机构通信的延迟。因此，雇用外国工人的条件受到移徙国社会制度或结构的很大限制。此外，在进入该国后，他们没有其他选择，在许多情况下只能依靠经纪人的安排。（2）外籍工人没有 关于我们 不仅将自己的网络扩展到了迁徙的社会，而且还继续与家乡保持着密切的关系。当进入母国的通道在移入国转化为文化资本时，他们可能会在移入地表现出母国文化的"真实性"，韩国移民在华民族企业的案例就说明了这一点。（3）移民在许多情况下形成与移居地社会隔绝的社区。当他们处于弱势环境中时，他们往往有强烈的愿望，通过煽动民族情感来扭转自己在社会中的边缘地位。在韩国的朝鲜族华人移民试图以"中国人"的身份与主流社会划清界限，这是一个典型的例子。（4）一些研究结果也揭示了移民的不同倾向：缅甸月亮部落移民有强烈的定居泰国社会的倾向，而泰国东北部的越南移民作为一个群体，其民族认同感有所减弱。这项研究也清楚地表明，即使移民到泰国是在恶劣的条件下，他们不一定被不幸压垮。许多移民居住的城市正在发展一种类似一夫多妻制和后独裁主义的结构，他们正在扩大其中的空间，移民可以在那里获得新的生活机会。少

1, Outline of the subjectsWe have carried researches on the dynamic changes of ethnic identities and reconstruction of communities, which were brought about by the movement and migration of two areas in Asia. The main regions of the study were: Eastern Asian region, specifically China and the Korean Peninsula, and the region that includes Thailand and its neighboring areas. We also conducted a study on the Asian immigrants to France and Canada, in order to compare with the two regions of interest.2, Outline of the research findings(1)The importation of foreign workers to Eastern countries has been steadily expanding, which causes a delay in the institutional correspondence. Therefore, the conditions by which foreign workers are employed have large restrictions with respect to the social system or structure of the migrated country. Moreover, upon entering the country, they have no other choices but to depend upon the arrangements of brokers in many cases.(2)The foreign workers have not … More only expanded their network into the society where they migrated, but also continued to maintain a close relationship with their hometown. When the access to their native country turned into their cultural capital in the migrated country, they may display the "authenticity" of their native culture at the migrated place, as the case of the ethnic businesses of South Korean immigrants in China shows.(3)Immigrants form their community isolated from society of the migrated place in many cases. When they are placed in the inferior environment, they tend to have a strong desire to turn over their marginalized position in the society by whipping up their ethnic feeling. The case of the Korean Chinese immigrants in South Korea trying to draw a line from the main society by expressing themselves as "Chinese" who have "Korean" roots is a typical example.(4)Some research findings also revealed the different tendencies of emigrants: the emigrants from Moon tribe in Myanmar have a strong tendency to settle down in Thai society, and the Vietnamese emigrants in Northeastern Thailand have weakened their ethnic identity as a group. This research also clearly showed that even if immigrants to Thailand are under the severe conditions, they are not necessarily crushed by the misfortune. The cities where many immigrants live are developing a polygamy-like and post-authoritarian structure, and they are expanding the space in them, where immigrants can gain new life chances. Less