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Environmental dynamism in the complex ecosystem of coral reef, seagrass bed and mangrove forest

珊瑚礁、海草床和红树林复杂生态系统的环境动态

基本信息

批准号：
16201006
负责人：
YAMAMURO Masumi
金额：
$ 29.12万
依托单位：
Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16201006/
关键词：
material cycle nitrogen phosphorus ROV biomarker コアマモ

项目摘要

In order to evaluate the environmental dynamism in the complex ecosystem of coral reef, seagrass bed and mangrove forest, we conducted three types of research. One is the transect measurement of nutrient flux as well as physical movement of water between coral reef-seagrass bed-mangrove forest ecosystems.Second is the GIS of underwater environment, i.e. seagrass bed and coral reef. Using a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) equipped with a submersible digital camera and a quadrat, we obtained still and video images of these ecosystems. The data were arrange according to the ship records. User can select any records from PC display, and can see the underwater scenery along the ship recordThird is to investigate how these ecosystems depend on one another from the viewpoint of organic geochemistry. We analyzed chief primary producers and sediment in each ecosystem for the distribution of lipid biomarkers and the ^<13>C content of total organic carbon. Lipids in the terrestrial higher plants … More were characterized by the distribution of n-alkanes high at C29/C31, high content of diterpenes (e.g., phyllocladene), high content of triterpenones (e.g., friedelin), and the predominance of triterpenols (e.g., b-amyrin) over sterols. Lipids in the seagrasses were characterized by the distribution of n-alkanes high at C21, C23, and C25, lowcontent of triterpenones, and the predominance of sterols (e.g., b-sitosterol) over triterpenols. Lipids in corals were characterized by the presence of sterols (e.g., gorgosterol) and the absence of n-alkanes, triterpenones, and triterpenols. Lipids in the sediments from mangrove forest were found to resemble those in the terrestrial higher plants. Lipids in the sediments from seagrass bed were characterized by high content of triterpenones, and the predominance of triterpenols over sterols, reflecting a major input of organic matter from mangrove forest. Lipids in the sediment from coral reef did not include triterpenones nor triterpenols.The data of ^<13>C content of TOC also suggested that the contribution of terrestrial organic matter was large to the sediments from seagrass bed, but little to the sediment from coral reef. We therefore conclude that seagrass bed works as a barrier against terrestrial input, and protects coral reef from eutrophication in the subtropical ecosystems in Ishigaki Island. Less

为了评价珊瑚礁-海草床-红树林复合生态系统的环境动态度，我们进行了三种类型的研究。一是珊瑚礁-海草床-红树林生态系统营养盐通量和水的物理运动的横断面测量；二是水下环境即海草床和珊瑚礁的地理信息系统。使用配备了潜水式数码相机和样机的遥控潜水器(ROV)，我们获得了这些生态系统的静态和视频图像。这些数据是根据船舶记录进行整理的。用户可以从PC显示器上选择任何记录，并可以看到船舶记录沿线的水下风景。第三，从有机地球化学的角度研究这些生态系统是如何相互依赖的。我们分析了每个生态系统的主要初级生产者和沉积物中脂肪生物标志物的分布和总有机碳的~(13)&gt；C含量。陆生高等植物…中的脂类更多的特征是分布在C29/C31上的高正构烷烃，高含量的二萜(如叶枝烯)，高含量的三萜酮(如Friedelin)，以及三萜醇(如b-香兰素)优于甾醇。海草中脂肪的分布特征是C21、C23和C25上的正构烷烃含量较高，三萜酮含量较低，并且甾醇(如β-谷甾醇)的优势超过了三萜醇。珊瑚中的脂类的特征是含有甾醇(例如，谷甾醇)，而不含正构烷烃、三萜酮和三萜醇。红树林沉积物中的脂类与陆生高等植物中的脂类相似。海草床沉积物中的脂肪以三萜类化合物含量较高为特征，且三萜醇的优势大于甾醇，反映了红树林有机质的主要输入。珊瑚礁沉积物中的脂肪不含三萜酮和三萜醇，总有机碳的~(13)C含量也表明陆源有机质对海草床沉积物的贡献较大，而对珊瑚礁沉积物的贡献较小。因此，我们得出结论，在石垣岛的亚热带生态系统中，海草床起到了阻止陆地输入的屏障作用，并保护珊瑚礁免受富营养化的影响。较少