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Studies on the Contamination Status, Bioaccumulation and Risk Assessment of PBDE, Brominated Flame Retardant, in the Environment

环境中溴化阻燃剂PBDE的污染现状、生物富集及风险评估研究

基本信息

批准号：
16201014
负责人：
TANABE Shinsuke
金额：
$ 32.03万
依托单位：
Ehime University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The present study aimed at elucidating the status of environmental contamination and distribution of PBDEs (polybrominated diphenylethers), a group of brominated flame retardants (BFRs), and accessing their bioaccumulation features and ecological risk Particularly, we attempted to make clear the spatial and temporal trends of PBDEs in coastal and marine biota, and further assess human exposure to these BFRs in the Asia-Pacific. This study was based partly on utilizing samples archived in the environmental specimen bank (es-BANK) of Ehime University, Japan.The studies suggest that the target BFRs are ubiquitous in the environment of Asia-Pacific, as PBDEs were detected in almost all the samples collected. Examination of spatial trends reveals that concentrations of these contaminants are relatively high in samples from Korea, South China and Japan. In general, the magnitude of environmental contamination by PBDEs in the Asia-Pacific, as well as human exposure to these contaminants, seem to be comparable to or slightly higher than in Europe, but lower than in North America. Evaluation of temporal trends in the concentrations of PBDEs in marine mammals from the coastal waters of Japan and China showed drastic increase during the last 30 years. These changes in BFR levels in samples from Japan were in line with trends in production/use of the commercial formulations. The increasing environmental contamination by PBDEs in Chinese coastal waters indicates the contamination by BFRs has already become evident, even in developing countries. In view of the rising environmental levels and the increasing consumption of BFRs in Asia, thither efforts should be made to monitor environmental contamination by these chemicals in order to identify sources and reduce emissions.

本研究旨在阐明多溴联苯醚（PBDEs，polybrominated diphenylethers）这类溴化阻燃剂的环境污染状况和分布，评估其生物累积特征和生态风险。特别是，我们试图弄清PBDEs在沿海和海洋生物群中的时空变化趋势，并进一步评估亚太地区人类对这些溴化阻燃剂的暴露。本研究部分基于日本爱媛大学环境样本库（es-BANK）中保存的样本，研究表明，目标溴化阻燃剂在亚太环境中普遍存在，因为几乎所有采集的样本中都检测到了多溴二苯醚。空间趋势的研究表明，这些污染物的浓度相对较高的样本来自韩国，中国南方和日本。总的来说，亚太区域多溴二苯醚环境污染的程度以及人类接触这些污染物的程度似乎与欧洲相当或略高于欧洲，但低于北美。对日本和中国沿海沃茨海洋哺乳动物体内多溴二苯醚浓度的时间趋势进行的评估显示，在过去30年中，多溴二苯醚浓度急剧增加。来自日本的样品中BFR水平的这些变化与商业制剂的生产/使用趋势一致。中国沿海沃茨中多溴联苯醚的环境污染日益严重，表明溴化阻燃剂的污染已经十分明显，即使在发展中国家也是如此。鉴于亚洲的环境水平不断上升，溴化阻燃剂的消费量不断增加，应进一步努力监测这些化学品对环境的污染，以查明来源并减少排放。