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Studies on the Contamination Status, Bioaccumulation and Risk Assessment of PBDE, Brominated Flame Retardant, in the Environment

环境中溴化阻燃剂PBDE的污染现状、生物富集及风险评估研究

基本信息

批准号：
16201014
负责人：
TANABE Shinsuke
金额：
$ 32.03万
依托单位：
Ehime University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The present study aimed at elucidating the status of environmental contamination and distribution of PBDEs (polybrominated diphenylethers), a group of brominated flame retardants (BFRs), and accessing their bioaccumulation features and ecological risk Particularly, we attempted to make clear the spatial and temporal trends of PBDEs in coastal and marine biota, and further assess human exposure to these BFRs in the Asia-Pacific. This study was based partly on utilizing samples archived in the environmental specimen bank (es-BANK) of Ehime University, Japan.The studies suggest that the target BFRs are ubiquitous in the environment of Asia-Pacific, as PBDEs were detected in almost all the samples collected. Examination of spatial trends reveals that concentrations of these contaminants are relatively high in samples from Korea, South China and Japan. In general, the magnitude of environmental contamination by PBDEs in the Asia-Pacific, as well as human exposure to these contaminants, seem to be comparable to or slightly higher than in Europe, but lower than in North America. Evaluation of temporal trends in the concentrations of PBDEs in marine mammals from the coastal waters of Japan and China showed drastic increase during the last 30 years. These changes in BFR levels in samples from Japan were in line with trends in production/use of the commercial formulations. The increasing environmental contamination by PBDEs in Chinese coastal waters indicates the contamination by BFRs has already become evident, even in developing countries. In view of the rising environmental levels and the increasing consumption of BFRs in Asia, thither efforts should be made to monitor environmental contamination by these chemicals in order to identify sources and reduce emissions.

本研究旨在阐明一类溴化阻燃剂PBDEs （polybrominated diphenylethers，多溴联苯醚）的环境污染现状和分布状况，了解其生物蓄积特征和生态风险，特别是试图明确PBDEs在亚太沿海和海洋生物群中的时空变化趋势，并进一步评估人类对这些阻燃剂的暴露程度。本研究部分基于利用日本爱媛大学环境标本库（es-BANK）中存档的样本。这些研究表明，目标溴联苯醚在亚太环境中普遍存在，因为几乎所有收集的样本中都检测到多溴联苯醚。对空间趋势的研究表明，在韩国、华南和日本的样品中，这些污染物的浓度相对较高。总的来说，亚太地区多溴二苯醚对环境的污染程度以及人类对这些污染物的暴露程度似乎与欧洲相当或略高于欧洲，但低于北美。对来自日本和中国沿海水域的海洋哺乳动物多溴二苯醚浓度的时间趋势进行的评估显示，在过去30年中多溴二苯醚浓度急剧增加。来自日本的样品中BFR水平的这些变化与商业配方的生产/使用趋势一致。多溴二苯醚对中国沿海水域环境的污染日益严重，这表明，即使在发展中国家，溴联苯醚的污染也已经很明显。鉴于亚洲的环境水平不断上升和生物燃料燃料的消费量不断增加，应努力监测这些化学品对环境的污染，以便查明来源和减少排放。