Studies on the Environmental Chemistry for the Contamination and Toxic Effects of Bioaccumulative Endocrine Disrupters in Higher Wildlife

高等野生动物中生物累积性内分泌干扰物污染和毒性作用的环境化学研究

基本信息

批准号：
12308030
负责人：
TANABE Shinsuke
金额：
$ 28.67万
依托单位：
Ehime University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12308030/
关键词：
Endocrine disrupters Wildlife Organochlorines Dioxins Heavy metals Organotins Mammals Birds 内分泌攪乱物質

项目摘要

The present study aimed at elucidating the contamination and toxic impacts of bioaccumulative endocrine disrupters such as PCDDs (dioxins and its related compounds), PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls), DDTs (DDTs and its metabolites), CHLs (chlordane compounds), HCHs (hexachlorocyclohexans), HCB (hexachlorobenzene), organotins (TBT, DBT and MET) and trace elements (Hg,Cd,Pb,As etc) in higher trophic wildlife.All the above persistent toxic substances were detected at significant levels in resident birds collected from Asian developing and developed nations. In this context, the chemicals used for industrial purposes (such as PCBs, BTs etc) were relatively highly contaminated in birds from developed and former Soviet countries, while organochlorine insecticides were predominantly found in animals from developing nations in tropical and subtropical regions.In case of migratory birds from Asian regions, it could be suggested that they are exposed to inherent toxic pollutants in southern wint … More ering grounds, and their toxic effects emerge even in northern reproductive grounds which are principally pristine and far from industrial areas. Regarding the status of pollution by PCDDs in wildlife, very high concentrations were detected in fish-eating aquatic animals such as seals and cormorants, exceeding the threshold levels of adverse toxic effects reported in native and captive animals. The toxic elements such as Hg and Cd revealed higher levels in marine higher trophic organisms than terrestrial animals, effected by species-specific detoxification. mechanism and subcellar distribution of these metals. Interestingly, significant correlations between organochlorine concentrations and CYP enzyme activity/steroid hormones were clearly observed in some cetaceans and pinnipeds, suggesting enzyme induction and possible hormonal inhibition by these contaminants. Moreover preferential hepatic accumulation of hiher toxic PCDD congeners were noted in seals and cormorants, implying AhR related toxic responses to PCDDs. Experimental studies on lymphocytes revealed that TBT and DBT could pose a serious threat to the immune functions in free-ranging marine mammals and humans.Considering all results in this study, it can be concluded that the toxic risk of bioaccumulative endocrine disrupters seems to be higher in aquatic mammals and fish-easing birds than terrestrial animals. Less

本研究旨在阐明生物含量的内分泌损坏的污染和毒性影响，例如PCDD（二恶英及其相关化合物），PCBS（多氯化双苯基），DDTS，DDTS（DDTS及其代谢物），Chls（chllo），chllo complys，hcbrors hhex（hex），（六氯苯），有机素（TBT，DBT和MET）以及较高营养野生动植物中的微量元素（Hg，Cd，Pb等）。从亚洲发展和发展国家收集的居民鸟类中，在显着水平上检测到上述所有持续有毒物质。在这种情况下，用于工业目的的化学物质（例如PCB，BTS等）在发达和前苏联国家的鸟类中相对较高污染，而在热带和亚热带地区的发展中国家中，在动物中主要发现了有机氯杀虫剂。即使是在北部生殖场中出现的有毒作用，这些植物主要是原始的，远离工业区。关于PCDD在野生动植物中污染的状态，在食用鱼类和co虫等食鱼类动物中检测到非常高的浓度，超过了本地和圈养动物中报告的不良毒性作用的阈值水平。诸如HG和CD之类的有毒元素显示，海洋中的营养生物比陆生动物更高，这是由特定的排毒作用的。这些金属的机理和亚基分布。有趣的是，在某些鲸类和pinnipeds中明确观察到了有机氯浓度与CYP酶活性/类固醇恐怖之间的显着相关性，这表明这些污染物诱导酶诱导和可能的hommonal抑制作用。此外，在海豹和cor剂中注意到了Hiher有毒PCDD同类物的肝积聚，这意味着与PCDD的AHR相关的有毒反应。对淋巴细胞的实验研究表明，TBT和DBT可能会对自由放养的海洋哺乳动物和人类的免疫功能构成严重威胁。考虑到这项研究的所有结果，可以得出结论，生物可观的内分泌障碍者的毒性风险似乎比在含水型哺乳动物和捕捞鸟类中更高。较少的