Studies on the Environmental Chemistry for the Contamination and Toxic Effects of Bioaccumulative Endocrine Disrupters in Higher Wildlife

高等野生动物中生物累积性内分泌干扰物污染和毒性作用的环境化学研究

• 批准号: 12308030
• 负责人: TANABE Shinsuke
• 金额: $ 28.67万
• 依托单位: Ehime University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12308030/
• 关键词: Endocrine disrupters; Wildlife; Organochlorines; Dioxins; Heavy metals; Organotins; Mammals; Birds; 内分泌攪乱物質

The present study aimed at elucidating the contamination and toxic impacts of bioaccumulative endocrine disrupters such as PCDDs (dioxins and its related compounds), PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls), DDTs (DDTs and its metabolites), CHLs (chlordane compounds), HCHs (hexachlorocyclohexans), HCB (hexachlorobenzene), organotins (TBT, DBT and MET) and trace elements (Hg,Cd,Pb,As etc) in higher trophic wildlife.All the above persistent toxic substances were detected at significant levels in resident birds collected from Asian developing and developed nations. In this context, the chemicals used for industrial purposes (such as PCBs, BTs etc) were relatively highly contaminated in birds from developed and former Soviet countries, while organochlorine insecticides were predominantly found in animals from developing nations in tropical and subtropical regions.In case of migratory birds from Asian regions, it could be suggested that they are exposed to inherent toxic pollutants in southern wint … More ering grounds, and their toxic effects emerge even in northern reproductive grounds which are principally pristine and far from industrial areas. Regarding the status of pollution by PCDDs in wildlife, very high concentrations were detected in fish-eating aquatic animals such as seals and cormorants, exceeding the threshold levels of adverse toxic effects reported in native and captive animals. The toxic elements such as Hg and Cd revealed higher levels in marine higher trophic organisms than terrestrial animals, effected by species-specific detoxification. mechanism and subcellar distribution of these metals. Interestingly, significant correlations between organochlorine concentrations and CYP enzyme activity/steroid hormones were clearly observed in some cetaceans and pinnipeds, suggesting enzyme induction and possible hormonal inhibition by these contaminants. Moreover preferential hepatic accumulation of hiher toxic PCDD congeners were noted in seals and cormorants, implying AhR related toxic responses to PCDDs. Experimental studies on lymphocytes revealed that TBT and DBT could pose a serious threat to the immune functions in free-ranging marine mammals and humans.Considering all results in this study, it can be concluded that the toxic risk of bioaccumulative endocrine disrupters seems to be higher in aquatic mammals and fish-easing birds than terrestrial animals. Less

本研究旨在阐明生物累积性内分泌干扰物（如PCDDs）的污染和毒性影响（二恶英及其相关化合物）、多氯联苯（多氯联苯）、滴滴涕（滴滴涕及其代谢物）、氯化锂（氯化物）、六氯环己烷（六氯环己烷）、六氯苯（六氯苯）、有机锡（三丁基锡化合物、二丁基锡化合物和多效唑）和微量元素在亚洲发展中国家和发达国家的留鸟中均检测到了上述持久性有毒物质。在这种情况下，发达国家和前苏联国家的鸟类中用于工业目的的化学品（如多氯联苯、苯并三氮唑等）的污染程度相对较高，而有机氯杀虫剂主要存在于热带和亚热带地区发展中国家的动物中。 ...更多信息 它们的毒性影响甚至出现在北方主要是原始的、远离工业区的生殖地。关于多氯二苯并对二恶英在野生动物体内的污染状况，在海豹和鸬鹚等食鱼水生动物体内检测到了非常高的浓度，超过了报告的本地和圈养动物体内有害毒性影响的阈值水平。有毒元素如汞和镉在海洋高营养生物中的含量高于陆生动物，受物种特异性解毒作用的影响。这些金属的作用机制和亚细胞分布。有趣的是，在某些鲸目动物和鳍足类动物中清楚地观察到有机氯浓度与生物降解酶活性/类固醇激素之间的显著相关性，这表明这些污染物对酶的诱导和可能的激素抑制。此外，在海豹和鸬鹚中注意到高毒性PCDD同系物的优先肝脏积累，这意味着AhR对PCDD的毒性反应。对淋巴细胞的实验研究表明，三丁基锡化合物和二丁基锡化合物可对自由放养的海洋哺乳动物和人类的免疫功能造成严重威胁，综合考虑本研究的所有结果，可以得出结论，生物累积性内分泌干扰物对水生哺乳动物和鱼类放生鸟类的毒性风险似乎高于陆生动物。少

项目成果

Guruge, K.S.: "Contamination by persistent organochlorines and butyltin compounds in the west coast of Sri Lanka."Marine Pollution Bulletin. 42(3). 179-186 (2001)

Guruge, K.S.：“斯里兰卡西海岸持久性有机氯和丁基锡化合物的污染。”海洋污染通报。

Takeuchi, I.: "Caprella watch : a new approach for monitoring butyltin residues in the ocean."Marine Environmental Research. 52(2). 97-113 (2001)

Takeuchi, I.：“Caprella watch：一种监测海洋中丁基锡残留物的新方法。”海洋环境研究。

Kim, E.Y.: "cDNA cloning of an aryl hydrocarbon receptor from Baikal seals (Phoca sibirica)."Marine Environmental Research. 54(3-5). 285-290 (2002)

Kim, E.Y.：“贝加尔海豹 (Phoca sibirica) 芳基碳氢化合物受体的 cDNA 克隆。”海洋环境研究。

Ueno, D.: "Specific accumulation of persistent organochlorines in bluefin tuna collected from Japanese coastal waters."Marine Pollution Bulletin. 45(1-12). 254-261 (2002)

Ueno, D.：“从日本沿海水域收集的蓝鳍金枪鱼中持久性有机氯的具体积累。”海洋污染通报。

Monirith, I.: "Asia-Pacific mussel watch : monitoring contamination of persistent organochlorine compounds in coastal waters of Asian countries."Marine Pollution Bulletin. 46(3). 281-300 (2003)

Monirith, I.：“亚太贻贝观察：监测亚洲国家沿海水域持久性有机氯化合物的污染。”海洋污染通报。