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Optimal regulation mechanisms of leafphotosynthesis and respiration across its longevity

叶片寿命期间光合作用和呼吸的最佳调节机制

基本信息

批准号：
16207002
负责人：
TERASHIMA Ichiro
金额：
$ 30.62万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo (2006)Osaka University (2004-2005)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1. Sucrose fed to the roots of Phaseolus vulgaris plants caused an increase in the carabohydrate content and accelerated senescence in mature source leaves. Neither of these was the case in young sink leaves.2. When environment of the first leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris plants differed from that for other plant parts, photosynthetic properties of young leaves were affected not only by their environment but also by the environment of the first leaves. This implied involvement of systemic regulation of photosynthetic properties. One of such regulation mechanism was shown to relate to redox regulation.3. Acclimation of leaf photosynthetic properties to the growth temperature was analyzed and found to be involve all the changes in temperature dependences of Rubisco kinetics, Rubisoo activation, electron transport activity, and of internal conductance for CO2 diffusion from the intercellular spaces to chloroplast stroma.4. CO2 leak of the CO2 concentration mechanism of C4 plants was analyzed based on measurement of carbon isotope discrimination. The leakiness (ratio of CO2 leaked per CO2 fixed by PEPCase) increased with the decrease in irradiance. This would relate to the inferior performance of C4 in low light.5. In response to strong light, N deficiency and low temperature, the alternative oxidase which is responsible for the cyanide resistant respiration was upregulated and played important roles in resisting such stresses.6. Methods for respiratory cost evaluations were revised and applied to analyses of temperature effects on respiration.7. Sensitivity of the abaxial stomata to light, in particular green light, was shown to be greater that that of the adaxial stomata in Helianthus annuus leaves.8. Petiole curvature of Chenopodium album was analyzed photobiologically. At least three light sensors were shown to engage.

1.用蔗糖喂饲菜豆根部，可引起成熟源叶碳水化合物含量增加，加速衰老。这两种情况都不是在年轻的水槽lepheries的情况。当菜豆植株初生叶所处的环境与植株其它部位不同时，初生叶的光合特性不仅受其所处环境的影响，而且还受初生叶所处环境的影响。这意味着参与光合特性的系统调节。氧化还原调节是其中一种调控机制.分析了叶片光合特性对生长温度的适应性，发现Rubisco动力学、Rubisoo活化、电子传递活性以及CO2从细胞间隙扩散到叶绿体基质的内电导的温度依赖性的变化都涉及到叶片光合特性对生长温度的适应.基于碳同位素区分度的测定，分析了C4植物CO2浓缩机制中的CO2泄漏。泄漏量（PEPCase固定的CO_2泄漏的CO_2比率）随辐照度的降低而增加。这将与C4在弱光下的较差性能有关。在强光、缺氮和低温胁迫下，与抗氰呼吸有关的交替氧化酶表达上调，在抵御上述胁迫中发挥重要作用.对呼吸成本评估方法进行了修订，并应用于温度对呼吸影响的分析。向日葵远轴气孔对光的敏感性，特别是绿色光的敏感性，比近轴气孔的敏感性要高。对藜叶柄弯曲进行了光生物学分析。至少有三个光传感器被证明参与。