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Development of cultivation techniques of wild mushrooms based on compound culture system

基于复合栽培体系的野生蘑菇栽培技术开发

基本信息

批准号：
16208015
负责人：
YAMADA Akiyoshi
金额：
$ 17.06万
依托单位：
Shinshu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1. We have clarified the unhealthy growth of mycorrhizal pine seedlings with Matsutake mushroom (Tricholoma matsutake) in vitro can be improved by the addition of dried yeast in the couture bottle.2. We have clarified that Shouro mushroom (Rhizopogon rubesens) could be cultivated by direct inoculation of nursery pine seedlings with cultured mycelia that were prepared by newly established compound culture system.3. We have clarified that direct transplantation of in vitro mycorrhizal pine seedlings to the nursery condition could be a practical technique in relation suitable culture strains of Amitake (Suillus bovinus), Shouro (R.rubesens), Shimofuri-shimeji (T.portentosum), Honshimeji (Lyophyllum shimeji) mushrooms.4. We have succeeded in the fruiting of Shimofuri-shimeji, Mine-shimeji (T.sapoaceum), Kuma-shimeji (T.terreum), and Sumizome-shimeji (L.semitale) under open-pot culture condition in the tested 64 contoured strains belonging to 39 species in the genera such as Tricholoma, Sui … More llus, and Lactarius.5. We have newly established cultured strains of Matsutake, Amigasatake (Morchella esculenta) and Chaname-tsumutake (Pholiota lubrica). In Matsutake it is clarified that cultured mycelium forms ectomycorrhizal structure in vitro with Pinus koraiensis, P. parviflora, and Picea abies.6. We have clarified that Haru-shineji (Entoloma saepium) can form mycorrhizas with one-year old Prunus mune seedlings under natural field condition as well as an experimental condition where commercially produced P.mume seedlings were inoculated with basidiospres of E.saepium and maintained in the open pot culture, indicating that such mycorrhizal seedlings could be practically produced.7. It was clarified by the minirhizotron observation that disturbed mycelial colony of matsutake does not recover rapidly and the disturbed areas are firstly colonized by other mycorrhizal fungal species.8. We have clarified that Kuritake mushroom (Naematoloma sublateritium) forms rhizomrphs in soil, which could play an important role in their colony dispersal in soil. In addition, it was clarified by the microscopic observation that the rhizomorphs consist of its outer and inner layers. Less

1.明确了松口蘑（Tricholoma matsutake）菌根化苗在离体培养条件下的不良生长可以通过在培养瓶中添加干酵母得到改善.本研究明确了用新建立的复合培养体系制备的培养菌丝体直接接种松实生苗栽培香菇的可行性.本研究阐明了将松离体菌根苗直接移植到苗圃条件下是一种实用的技术，可与适合培养的Amitake（Suillus bovinus）、Shouro（R.rubesens）、Shimoen-shimeji（T.portentosum）、Honshimeji（Lyophyllum shimeji）蘑菇菌株进行比较.在开放式培养条件下，对口蘑属、口蘑属、山蘑属、土蘑属和角蘑属等39个种的64个菌株进行了栽培试验， ...更多信息 llus和Lactarius。我们建立了新的培养菌株松茸，Amigasatake（羊肚菌）和Chaname-tsumutake（Pholiota lubrica）。在松茸中，明确了培养菌丝体与红松、小花松和云杉在体外形成外生菌根结构.阐明了在自然田间条件下，以及在盆栽条件下，用黑木耳担孢子接种梅实生苗并保持培养，均能与一年生的野李实生苗形成菌根，表明黑木耳菌根化实生苗的生产是可行的.微电子显微镜观察表明，受干扰的松茸菌丝菌落不能迅速恢复，受干扰区域首先被其他菌根真菌种定殖.我们已经阐明了栗菇（Naematoloma sublateritium）在土壤中形成的根茎，这可能是其在土壤中的群体扩散的重要作用。此外，通过显微观察阐明了根形由其外层和内层组成。少