Interdisciplinary Research on the Origin of Rice Agriculture of Japan

本研究共分五个部分：稻田遗址调查、石器研究、黑陶稳定同位素分析、山东古人骨体质人类学研究、山东与辽东半岛史前关系的研究，目的是为了证实我们关于早期农业在北方传播的第二、第三阶段的假设，东亚。虽然在研究之前没有发现稻田遗址，但通过对山东严家泉遗址和两城镇遗址的取芯和试掘，得出了龙山文化时期严家泉遗址可能存在有步道的稻田的结论。同时，在山东龙山文化赵家庄遗址还发现了不规则形的有足道的稻田。这一考古证据表明，灌溉农业系统，如稻田，是起源于 ...更多信息 艾德在山东。此外，根据龙山文化黑陶的稳定同位素分析，明确了在沿着黄海的鲁东南龙山文化中，大米是比小米更稳定的食物。这一结果与浮选法配种的结果一致。黑陶的碳同位素分析表明，从鲁东南经烟台地区到辽东半岛，C3植物类水稻在地理上呈递减趋势。这条路线应该是稻作农业的传播路线。本课题第五项研究分析了辽东半岛四平山凯恩斯的葬俗，阐明了山东烟台地区的部分人随原住民迁移到辽东半岛。对石器的分析也证明了这一时期石器从烟台地区向辽东半岛传播。作为东北亚农业传播的第三阶段，越氏文化的下一阶段，随着人口的迁移，不仅有各种石器，还有水田灌溉农业和木制农具，从烟台地区向辽东半岛传播。然而，在我们的研究阶段，体质人类学分析对移民的证据还不够充分。这是留给未来的问题。少

This research consists of five parts; survey of rice paddy sites, research of stone tools, stable isotope analysis of black pottery, physical anthropological study of ancient human bones in Shandong, and a study on the relationship in the prehistory between Shandong and Liaodong Peninsula The purpose of these studies is to be proved about our hypothesis in the second and the third stage of spread of early agriculture in the North-eastern Asia. Even though the rice paddy site was not found before our research, we got a probability that there was rice paddy field with foot pass at the Yanjiaquan site in the Longhshan Culture through the coring and trial excavation at the Yanjiaquan site and the Liangchengzhen site in Shandong. In the same time, it was found the rice paddy filed with foot pass in the irregular form at the Zhaojiazhuang site of Longshan Culture in Shandong. This archaeological evidence indicates that the irrigated agricultural system such as a rice paddy filed was originat … More ed in Shandong. In addition, according to the stable isotope analysis of black pottery of Longshan Culture, it is clear that rice is more stable food than millet in Longshan Culture of south-eastern Shandon along the Yellow Sea. This result accords with the result of seeds combination through the floatation methods. And the isotope analysis of black pottery indicates that C3 plant like rice is decreasing from the south- eastern Shandong through Yantai district to the Liaodong Peninsula on the geographical decline. This route should be the route of spread of rice agriculture. This is the second stage of spread of North-eastern Asia The fifth research of our project analyzed the burial customs of the Sipingshan Cairns, Liaodong Peninsula, and elucidated that some people of Yantai district of Shandong moved to Liaodong peninsula where they migrated with native people. And the analysis of stone tools also proved that stone tools spread from Yantai district to Liaodong Peninsula in this time. At the next step of the Yueshi Culture which is the third stage of spread of agriculture in the North-eastern Asia, not only various type of stone tools but also the irrigated agriculture with rice paddy field and wooden agricultural tools spread from Yantai district to the Liaodong Peninsula in accordance with people immigration. However physical anthropological analysis has not enough proof about immigration in this time of our research. This is left the questions in the future. Less