Comparative Study on Social and Spatial Succession with Housing and Urban Reconstruction Process After Earthquake Disasters in Asia

最近，亚洲发生了许多地震灾害。根据这些地震，对土耳其马尔马拉（1999年）、台湾集集（1999年）和坂神淡路（1995年）进行了社会空间继承和任务的比较调查。地震灾后恢复在空间上有两种模式，前者是转移性恢复。后者正在进行被破坏的现场恢复工作。虽然这两种模式在各国都存在，但在这两种模式下都存在收缩活动。在日本，自助是恢复的原则。对于拥有房屋的家庭来说，灾后恢复是一条主要途径，但由于灾后恢复存在风险，因此进行了群体搬迁防灾项目。另一方面，大部分租房家庭采取了转移回收的方式。在土耳其，土壤条件是建筑损失的主要原因。然后，执行建筑禁令，在没有受损的郊区建造的公寓或办公楼以特殊价格出售给受损的房屋或办公楼业主，条件是只有一个房屋或办公室。在台湾地区，震损区主要分布在断层活动区及震中以上的山区乡郊。灾后恢复的主要内容是灾后恢复。但对于有严重条件沉降、有滑坡危险或存在于严格坡度上的情况，则进行转移恢复工程。集集地震灾后重建的主要特点是公私复兴基金组织的作用，灵活地支持团体活动，如受损的公寓重建项目。实验制作了记录恢复现状的照片和GIS数据库。

Recently, a lot of earthquake disasters have happened in Asia. From those earthquakes, comparative surveys about social-spatial succession and mandates were conducted on Turkey Marmara (1999), Taiwan Chi-chi (1999) and Hanshin-Awaji (1995). Spatial aspect of recovery from earthquake disasters has two patterns, the former is transferring recovery. The latter is on devastated site recovery. Though these two patterns were observed each nation, there were contractive activities in both patterns.In Japan, self-help is a principal of recovery. For households owned their houses, on devastated site recovery is a main path, but group removal project for disaster prevention has been done because of risk on devastated site. The other hand, most of households rented houses took transferring recovery pattern. They also rented houses apart from on site.In Turkey, soil conditions were main reason of building loss. Then, building prohibit regulation were executed and apartment or office buildings which built on no damaged suburb area were sold by special prices to damaged house or office owners on condition of only one house or office. On results, rebuilding and repairing damaged buildings was definitely delayed.In Taiwan, cevastated area were around area of moved faults and mountain rural area above epicenter. The principal of recovery is on devastated site recovery. But if there was a severe conditioned settlement where had risk of land slide or existed on strict slope, transferring recovery project had been conducted. The main characteristics of recovery form Chi-chi earthquake Was the role of public-private recovery fund organization that flexibly supported group activities like damaged condominium rebuilding project.]The photos and GIS database which archived recovery actualities was produced experimentally.