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Degradation mechanism on coastal ecosystems in shallow water as open multi-coupling systems and their conservation strategy

开放多重耦合系统浅水沿岸生态系统退化机制及其保护策略

基本信息

批准号：
17206052
负责人：
NADAOKA Kazuo
金额：
$ 31.2万
依托单位：
Tokyo Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1) Conducting field surveys in the fringing reef of the east coast of Ishigaki Island, we found characteristic features of advective diffusion process of red-silt and spatio-temporal variations of nutrients and phytoplankton. 2) Based on the results of field surveys and numerical simulations for the Shiraho reef of Ishigaki Island, we found the formation mechanism of coral slicks around the reef, and the release timing and density distributions in the water column of blue coral (Heliopora coerulea) larvae and their dependence on the tidal phase. 3) We developed a numerical 3-D current model incorporated with a coral canopy layer model and thereby found that the coral larvae may retain longer in the reef when released around neap tide. 4) We conducted long-term continuous measurements of terrestrial environmental loads from the Todoroki watershed adjacent to the above mentioned reef and developed a basic model for evaluating the land-based environmental discharge. 5) Developing microsat … More ellite markers and conducting genetic population analyses of crown-of-thorns starfish specimens taken from 23 sites in the Indo-Pacific regions including the Ryukyu Islands, we found that the gene flows are strongly governed by the magnitude of the ocean currents in the area concerned. With the numerical simulations of larval dispersal around the Kuroshio area, we reproduced the asymmetrical dispersal process along the area covering the Philippines, the Ryukyu Islands, Kyushu, Shikoku and Kii Peninsula, and clarified also with genetic population analyses that the Kuroshio may induce the secondary outbreaks. 6) We have indicated that coral cores may provide environmental fluctuation information over the past thousands years with the time resolution of 100 years, mangrove clay cores may provide information over the past 100 years with several years resolution, and coral annual rings may provide information of environments and terrestrial runoff in the past 100 years with 1 month resolution. Less

1)通过对石垣岛东岸边缘礁的野外调查，发现了红粉土平流扩散过程的特征以及营养物质和浮游植物的时空变化特征。2)基于对石aki岛白鹤礁的野外调查和数值模拟结果，揭示了礁周珊瑚浮油的形成机制、蓝珊瑚（Heliopora coerulea）幼虫在水体中的释放时间和密度分布及其对潮位的依赖性。3)建立了结合珊瑚冠层模型的数值三维洋流模型，发现在小潮前后释放的珊瑚幼虫可以在珊瑚礁中停留更长时间。(4)对与该礁相邻的Todoroki流域进行了陆地环境负荷的长期连续测量，建立了陆地环境负荷评价的基本模型。对包括琉球群岛在内的印度洋-太平洋地区的23个地点的棘冠海星样本进行了更多的卫星标记和遗传种群分析，我们发现基因流动受到有关地区洋流大小的强烈支配。通过对黑潮地区幼虫扩散过程的数值模拟，再现了黑潮在菲律宾、琉球群岛、九州、四国和喜岛等地的不对称扩散过程，并通过遗传种群分析阐明了黑潮可能诱发二次暴发的可能性。6)珊瑚岩心可提供近百年的环境变化信息，红树林粘土岩心可提供近百年的环境变化信息，珊瑚年轮可提供近百年的环境变化信息，年轮可提供近百年的陆地径流信息，年轮分辨率为1个月。少