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Evaluation of physical and ecological environments of a coral reef and its conservation strategy in a regional environmental system

区域环境系统中珊瑚礁物理生态环境评价及其保护策略

基本信息

批准号：
14205071
负责人：
NADAOKA Kazuo
金额：
$ 31.37万
依托单位：
TOKYO INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1)Performing field surveys for integrated ecosystems comprised of coral reef, seagrass bed, tidal flat and mangroves at Fukido and Todoroki river mouth areas in Ishigaki Is, we have clarified characteristics of currents, related thermal and material transport, coral community metabolism and others. 2)We have developed new optical models for coral and seagrass bed canopies, combined with a nonlinear inverse estimation method, for remote sensing image analyses. With these models, we have succeeded in high-accuracy estimation of coral and seagrass bed canopy height and density and in bathymetry mapping. We have further developed a remote sensing method to detect the coverage of coral reefs by deposited red-soil. 3)Analyzing more than 20 LANDSAT images in the past 20 years at Ishigaki and Iriomote Islands and Sekisei Lagoon in between them, we have found historical change of land-use and vegetation cover of the land areas and its relationship with the inter-annual change of habitat charact … More eristics in the neighboring coral reefs like coral coverage. 4)With a comprehensive field in which we did near-surface particle tracking using small drifters installed with a GPS logger and a mobile phone, HF-radar measurement to detect spatial distribution of ocean surface current, plankton netting at various locations in the wide area concerned, we revealed the inter-reef connectivity in terms of coral larvae dispersal from the Kerama Islands to the west coast of main Okinawa Island. We have developed a multiple-nesting coastal ocean model, in which the computational results of JCOPE model are assimilated, to analyze the flow structure in the coastal areas of the Ryukyu Islands and the larval transport process. With this numerical simulation model we have succeeded in reproducing the eastward current and associated larval transport from the Kerama Islands to the west coast of main Okinawa Island and clarifying the physical mechanism of the generation of the eastward current. We have applied the numerical model further, revealing the inter-reef connectivity in wider regions covering the Ryukyu Islands. 5)To elucidate population dynamics of crow-of-thorns starfish(COTS), which has recently shown outbreaks in the Ryukyu Islands, we have succeeded in developing a larval identification system for wild COTS larvae based on molecular techniques and genetic markers. We have also found peak spawning periods of COTS sampled at five different reefs in the Ryukyu Islands and their dependence on the local water temperature. Less

1)通过对石垣岛Fukido和Todoroki河口地区的珊瑚礁、海草床、潮滩和红树林等综合生态系统进行实地调查，我们弄清了水流特征、相关的热量和物质输送、珊瑚群落代谢等。2）提出了珊瑚和海草床冠层的光学模型，并结合非线性反演方法，用于遥感图像分析。利用这些模型，我们成功地对珊瑚和海草床树冠高度和密度进行了高精度估计，并成功地进行了水深测绘。我们进一步发展了一种遥感方法，以探测沉积红土对珊瑚礁的覆盖情况。3)通过对石垣岛、西表岛和其间的关成潟湖近20年来20多幅LANDSAT卫星图像的分析，揭示了该地区土地利用和植被覆盖的历史变化及其与生境特征年际变化的关系， ...更多信息邻近珊瑚礁的珊瑚礁覆盖率。4)通过使用装有GPS记录仪和移动的电话的小型漂流器进行近地表粒子追踪、高频雷达测量以探测海洋表面流的空间分布、在相关区域的不同位置进行浮游生物网的综合领域，我们揭示了从庆良间群岛到冲绳主岛西海岸珊瑚幼虫扩散的珊瑚礁间连接性。本文利用JCOPE模式的计算结果，建立了一个多嵌套的近岸海洋模式，分析了琉球群岛近岸海域的流场结构和幼体输运过程。利用这个数值模拟模式，我们成功地再现了从庆良间群岛到冲绳本岛西海岸的东向流和相关的幼体输运，阐明了东向流产生的物理机制。我们进一步应用数值模型，揭示了在更广泛的区域覆盖琉球群岛的珊瑚礁间的连接。5）为了阐明琉球群岛棘冠海星（COTS）的种群动态，我们成功地建立了一个基于分子技术和遗传标记的野生COTS幼虫鉴定系统。我们还发现了在琉球群岛的五个不同的珊瑚礁采样的COTS的产卵高峰期和它们对当地水温的依赖。少