Investigating new approaches for narrowband but nevertheless high-precision wireless locating in multipath environments by means of iterative recursive non-linear state estimation techniques based on aperture synthesis and phase difference analysis in ant

基于ant中孔径合成和相位差分析的迭代递归非线性状态估计技术，研究多路径环境中窄带但高精度无线定位的新方法

• 批准号: 450697408
• 负责人: Professor Dr.-Ing. Martin Vossiek
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Hochfrequenztechnik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2020-12-31 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/450697408?language=en
• 关键词: Investigating; new; approaches; narrowband; but

The aim of the project is to investigate a novel, low-cost but nevertheless highly accurate concept for wireless local positioning and the underlying theoretical principles, and to verify system performance both through the lens of systems theory and experimentally. The salient feature of the initiative is its potential to deliver highly accurate 3D locating results in severe multipath environments, even with narrowband signals. With previous radiolocation techniques, such as UWB radiolocation systems, the achievable positioning accuracy is typically directly dependent on the signal bandwidth used, and precise 3D positioning has rarely been demonstrated experimentally due to the challenging bandwidth requirements and the usually unfavorable geometric dilution of precision (GDOP). The expected performance of this pioneering solution, which would represent an enormous improvement over the state of the art, is to be achieved by iterative recursive nonlinear state estimation techniques. For this purpose the phase differences of the radio signals received in mixed coherent/incoherent antenna arrays constellations will be evaluated in a way comparable to an interferometric aperture synthesis algorithm. However, instead of using of Fourier or other spectral estimation techniques the phase values are directly processed by an iterative Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). Having studied the system proposed in this project and implemented the necessary algorithms, the system will be systematically investigated in a simulation environment and then tested in practice in an experimental setup. The 24 GHz experimental system to be implemented during the project comprises four distributed compact receiver arrays with 16 antennas each. The aim of the project is to demonstrate for the first time 3D positioning accuracy in the millimeter range for signals with a bandwidth of less than 10 MHz in a dense multipath environment. The development of a new general-purpose methodology for validating positioning systems is another key aspect of the research work. This is necessary because commonly used GDOP-based methodologies for predicting/estimating positional uncertainties as a function of system parameters are unsuitable for the methodology adopted in this project, where the acquisition and fusion of the measurements are integrated. The aim is to create a platform based on the new theoretical model. This platform will allow classical localization principles and this new solution to be compared systematically and objectively for the first time with respect to performance as a function of the system parameters and also with respect to the parameters that take into account the transmission channel and multipath propagation.

该项目的目的是研究无线局部定位和基本理论原理的新颖，低成本但高度准确的概念，并通过系统理论的镜头和实验性来验证系统性能。该计划的显着特征在于它的潜力即使使用窄带信号，也可以在严重的多路径环境中提供高度准确的3D定位结果。使用先前的放射分配技术（例如UWB放射性系统），可实现的定位精度通常直接取决于所使用的信号带宽，并且由于具有挑战性的带宽需求以及通常不利的几何稀释（GDOP），因此很少在实验中证明精确的3D定位。这种开创性解决方案的预期性能将代表对最新技术的巨大改进，可以通过迭代递归非线性状态估计技术来实现。为此，将以与干涉孔径合成算法相当的方式评估混合相干/不一致的天线阵列星座中收到的无线电信号的相差。但是，而不是使用傅立叶或其他光谱估计技术，而是通过迭代扩展的卡尔曼滤波器（EKF）直接处理相值。研究了该项目中提出的系统并实施了必要的算法后，该系统将在模拟环境中系统地研究，然后在实践设置中进行实践测试。在项目期间实现的24 GHz实验系统包括四个分布式紧凑型接收器阵列，每个阵列每个具有16个天线。该项目的目的是在毫米范围内首次证明3D定位精度，以在密集的多径环境中的带宽小于10 MHz的信号。开发用于验证定位系统的新通用方法是研究工作的另一个关键方面。这是必要的，因为用于预测/估计位置不确定性作为系统参数的函数的通常基于GDOP的方法不适合该项目中采用的方法，在该方法中，该方法的获取和融合被整合了。目的是创建一个基于新理论模型的平台。该平台将允许在性能作为系统参数的函数以及考虑到传输通道和多路径传播的参数方面，首次系统地和客观地对经典本地化原理和该新解决方案进行系统和客观的比较。