Innate immune system activation and regulation via DNA receptors.

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Recently, we had identified a novel cytosolic DNA sensing molecule, DAI (DNA-dependent activator of IRFs). We analyzed the activating mechanism of DAI by cytosolic DNA stimulation and we found a new DNA binding domain and phosphorylation sites in DAI protein. These domain and amino acid residues are turned out to be important for DNA-mediated activation of innate immune responses. To investigate further the role of DAI in innate immune responses in vivo, we generated mice deficient in Dai gene. Dai^<-/-> mice grew normally with normal cellular population in lymphoid organs compared to those of wild-type control mice. We analyzed the role of DAI in innate immune responses and found defects in mRNA induction levels of some antiviral genes in Dai^<-/-> cells.