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Advanced research on cancer

癌症的高级研究

基本信息

批准号：
11182101
负责人：
TANIGUCHI Tadatsugu
金额：
$ 77.95万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11182101/
关键词：
advanced research cell adhesion tumore supressor gene signal transduction apoptosis Cytokine immune response anticancer agent がん研究発がんがん診断がん予防

项目摘要

This priority area, termed "Advanced research on cancer", is aimed at seeking cutting-edge cancer research by incorporating new technologies, disciplines and newly developing fields. In the past five years, much of the new insights have been gained about the mechanisms of oncogenic cell signaling and its suppression, particularly on the role of interferons and TGF-β, both of which function as negative regulator of cell growth. It also became possible to visualize behaviors of oncogene products in living cells and this is a new, important step to our understanding of cell transformation. New molecules have also been identified, which regulate cell adhesion and movement, and their functional analyses have been pursued; these include Claudins and WAVEs and these studies offered new insights in infiltration and metastasis of cancer cells. In addition, much progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms of apoptosis of cancerous cells and the clearance of such dying cells. It is particularly worth mentioning that one of the research project in this priority area spawned a new translational research project, that is, identification of HB-EGF as the target of ovarian cancers and application of CRM197, a mutant form of diphtheria toxin that inhibits HB-EGF, for therapy of this form of cancer. Overall, these achievements are represented in over several thousands of published papers, many of which appeared in journals such as Nature. Many collaborations with industries have been in progress with the aim of developing new drugs for cancer.

这一优先领域被称为“癌症高级研究”，旨在通过结合新技术、学科和新发展领域寻求尖端的癌症研究。在过去的五年中，关于肿瘤细胞信号传导及其抑制的机制，特别是干扰素和TGF-β的作用，获得了许多新的见解，它们都是细胞生长的负调节因子。在活细胞中可视化致癌基因产物的行为也成为可能，这是我们理解细胞转化的一个新的、重要的步骤。调控细胞粘附和运动的新分子也已被发现，并对其功能进行了分析；其中包括Claudins和WAVEs，这些研究为癌细胞的浸润和转移提供了新的见解。此外，在了解癌细胞凋亡的机制和对这些垂死细胞的清除方面也取得了很大进展。特别值得一提的是，该重点领域的一个研究项目催生了一个新的转化研究项目，即确定HB-EGF作为卵巢癌的靶点，并应用抑制HB-EGF的白喉毒素突变体CRM197治疗这种类型的癌症。总的来说，这些成果发表在数千篇论文中，其中许多发表在《自然》等杂志上。许多与工业界的合作正在进行中，目的是开发治疗癌症的新药。