Theoretical Analyses on Interactions between GPCR and Ligand Compounds with Fragment Method

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The interaction energies between the amino acid residues inβadrenergic receptors and ligand compounds were analyzed with Fragment Density Functional Theory (FDFT), to assign active sites of these complexes. The strongly attractive interactions between the ligands and ASP at the same positions of the respectiveβ1,β2,β3receptors, were observed. Furthermore, SER at the same positions attractively interacted with the agonists, but hardly with the antagonists. The interaction energies between the SER and the agonists were found to be corresponding to the EC50 values. Therefore, it was concluded that the ASP and SER in the receptors were the major binding and active sites, respectively.