Cooperation and Competition Observed: The Emergence of Science Studies in the "Biotech Age"

合作与竞争观察：“生物技术时代”科学研究的出现

• 批准号: 452713488
• 负责人: Dr. Christoffer Leber
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung für Wissenschaftsgeschichte
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/452713488?language=en
• 关键词: Cooperation; Competition; Observed; Emergence; Science

The life sciences were undergoing fundamental epistemic, social, and institutional transformation starting in the 1970s: New technologies like recombinant DNA opened up opportunities for commercial applications of biomedical research and strengthened university-industry collaborations. The commercialization of molecular biology not only raised concerns about environmental hazards, secrecy of information, and the "sellout of science" but also challenged long-established norms of cooperation within the scientific community. In light of these changes, Science Studies (short STS) emerged as an interdisciplinary field that was supposed to analyze the complex interrelations between science, politics and society. The close observation of the life sciences (and biotechnology in particular), I will argue, strongly influenced the epistemic and institutional development of Science Studies: The early STS community, for instance, observed dynamics of cooperation and competition in laboratories as sites of knowledge production; at the same time, STS scholars responded to the "biotech boom" of the 1980s and 90s in critical studies. As part of the Research Group, this project analyzes cooperation and competition as categories of observation within the field of Science Studies.

从20世纪70年代开始，生命科学经历了根本性的认知、社会和制度变革：重组DNA等新技术为生物医学研究的商业应用开辟了机会，并加强了大学与行业的合作。分子生物学的商业化不仅引起了人们对环境危害、信息保密和“出卖科学”的担忧，还挑战了科学界长期确立的合作规范。鉴于这些变化，科学研究(简称STS)应运而生，它是一个跨学科的领域，旨在分析科学、政治和社会之间的复杂相互关系。我认为，对生命科学(尤其是生物技术)的密切观察对科学研究的认识论和制度发展产生了重大影响：例如，早期的STS社区观察到实验室作为知识生产场所的合作与竞争动态；同时，STS学者在批判性研究中对20世纪80年代和90年代的“生物技术热潮”做出了回应。作为研究组的一部分，该项目将合作和竞争作为科学研究领域内的观察类别进行分析。