Sector collapse kinematics and tsunami implications (SEKT)

板块崩塌是影响世界上大多数火山岛的地质过程。这些崩塌可能产生极大的滑坡和相关的海啸，危及沿海社区和海底设施。该项目的主要目的是更深入地了解不同崩塌参数（体积、震源位置、传输距离）和就位过程（时间、运动学和动力学）之间的相互作用，以便更好地确定海啸震级，从而更好地评估海啸危害。流星巡航M154在蒙特塞拉特火山岛近海收集的新数据构成了这个项目的基础。PIs KH和SK和共同申请人CB是远征M154的共同支持者。在这次考察中，最近的蒙特塞拉特近海滑坡-矿床1和2 -被绘制出来。特别是2号矿床具有重大的科学意义，因为它似乎由两部分组成（矿床2a和2b），由横向广泛的地震反射体隔开。此外，2号沉积物的就位似乎引发了海底沉积物的大规模破坏。更好地了解2号矿床的运动学和就位过程已经成为IODP Leg 340的目标，该计划沿着1号和2号矿床的滑动体钻探了四个地点。不幸的是，2号矿床本身滑动块体的岩心采收，特别是从2a到2b的过渡，可以忽略不计，因此，许多研究问题仍未得到解答。该提案所基于的新M154数据，特别是3D p -电缆地震和额外的2D地震线，与旧线相比，质量显著提高，长沉积物岩心和利用重力取心和MeBo70钻井的综合测井数据，使人们能够更好地了解崩塌运动学和放置过程，这为参数化滑坡和海啸模型提供了独特的机会，作为更好的海啸危害评估的关键。对于这项工作，我们在这里提出两个博士项目，根据使用的方法，它们将相辅相成。1名博士候选人(A)将主要从事三维P-cable和二维地震数据的处理和解释，以及岩心-测井-地震数据的整合。第二个博士学位(B)将重点研究重力岩心和MeBo70岩心，特别是它们的沉积学，岩土学和成分分析。虽然岩心分析将提供单个岩心位置的详细信息（例如地层年龄、沉积物组成、源区、变形程度、搬运距离和起始等），但钻孔测井和地震数据用于在整个区域内插值这些信息。通过这种多学科的方法，我们将得出蒙特塞拉特火山历史的全面图景，以及侧面崩塌和相关滑坡事件及其就位过程之间的相互作用。

Sector collapses are a geological processes that affect most volcanic islands worldwide. These collapses can generate extremely large landslides and associated tsunamis, endangering coastal communities and seafloor installations. Major aim of this project is to gain deeper insight into the interplay between different collapse parameters (volume, source location, transport distance) and emplacement processes (timing, kinematics and dynamics) to enable a better determination of the tsunami magnitude and hence a better tsunami hazard assessment. New data collected during the Meteor cruise M154 offshore the volcanic island of Montserrat form the base of this project. The PIs KH and SK and the co-applicant CB were co-proponents of the expedition M154. During this expedition, the most recent landslides offshore Montserrat - Deposits 1 & 2 - were mapped. Particularly Deposit 2 is of great scientific interest as it seems to comprise two parts (Deposits 2a and 2b) separated by laterally extensive seismic reflectors. Furthermore, the emplacement of Deposit 2 seems to have triggered large-scale failure of sea floor sediment. A better understanding of the kinematics and the emplacement process of Deposit 2 has already been the aim of the IODP Leg 340 which drilled four sites along the slid masses of Deposits 1 and 2. Unfortunately, the core recovery in the slid masses of Deposit 2 itself particularly at the transition from Deposit 2a to 2b was negligible and, hence, many research questions remained unanswered. The new M154 data on which this proposal is based, especially 3D P-cable seismic and additional 2D seismic lines with significantly improved quality compared to older lines, and long sediment cores and comprehensive logging data utilizing gravity coring and MeBo70 drilling enable a better understanding of the collapse kinematics and the emplacement processes which provides a unique opportunity to parameterize landslide and tsunami models as key to a better tsunami hazard assessment. For this work we propose here two PhD projects which will complement each other according to the methods used. One PhD candidate (A) will mainly work on processing and interpretation of the 3D P-cable and 2D seismic as well as on core-log-seismic integration of the data. The second PhD (B) will focus on the gravity cores and the MeBo70 cores, in particular their sedimentological, geotechnical and compositional analyses. While core analyses will provide detailed information at individual core locations (e.g. stratigraphic ages, sediment composition, source area, degree of deformation, transport distance and initiation etc.), borehole logging and seismic data are used to interpolate these over the entire region. Through this multi-disciplinary approach, we will derive a comprehensive picture of the volcanic history of Montserrat as well as the interplay between flank collapses and associated landslide events and their emplacement processes.