Kinetic Effects on Self-Organization in Plasma

为了探索聚变等离子体约束的创新概念，特别是在可以承载D-3 He高级聚变的高β区，我们必须对弛豫物理学有一个良好的理解，该物理学自组织等离子体中最优选的结构。Taylor弛豫态理论成功地解释了反向场箍缩（RFP）和超低q（ULQ）等离子体的自组织现象，本文通过对动力学（粒子动力学）和流动效应的研究，对自组织理论进行了推广。主要结果如下：（1）当等离子体中含有宏观非中性电荷时，自电场产生强旋转流。双流体模型提供了一个自洽的描述与强流的松弛状态。在双Beltrami场模型中，粒子的运动呈现出各种有趣的结构;（2）在强非均匀电磁场中，粒子的运动变得混沌，导致动力学熵的快速产生。作为混沌的宏观效应，电阻耗散大大增强，这是自组织磁重联过程中出现反常电阻的原因。

To explore innovative concepts of fusion plasma confinement, especially in the high-beta regime that can host the D-3He advanced fusion, we have to develop a sound understanding on the physics of relaxation that self-organizes the most preferable structure in the plasma. The theory of the Taylor relaxed states succeeded to explain the self-organization of the reversed-field pinch (RFP) and ultra-low-q (ULQ) plasmas.In the present research, we have made a considerable generalization of the self-organization theory through the study of kinetic (particle dynamics) and flow effects. The results are summarized as follows ; (1) When a plasma has a macroscopic non-neutral charge, the self-electric field yields a strong rotating flow. The two-fluid model provides a self-consistent description of the relaxed states with a strong flow. A variety of interesting structures can be cast in the model of double Beltrami fields ; (2) The particle motion becomes chaotic in a strongly inhomogeneous electromagnetic field, resulting in a rapid production of the kinetic entropy. As a macroscopif effect of the chaos, the resistive dissipation is much enhanced, which accounts for the anomalous resistance in the magnetic reconnection process of the self-organization.