Concepts of Life in Western history of Ideas

本年度的研究主题有二：一、对三年来各分会的研究成果进行重新检视与归纳。二、通过对个别研究的比较研究，提出西方思想史中生命概念的一般观点。各具体成果如下：一、研究分享者三岛由纪夫，对古希腊的美好生活思想进行了研究，考察了柏拉图对话录中的苏格拉底辩证法。研究支持者高桥对亚里士多德的《最后的美好》即《幸福》进行了考察，试图阐明亚里士多德是如何从生命的角度综合构想自然秩序、人类灵魂秩序和社会秩序的。宫下，研究支持者熊野通过荣格的《旧约》神话阐明了古人无意识中的生命与救赎的关系。研究分享者提出了列维纳斯的他我概念中的例子，即生命不是一个可以操作的对象，而是一个应该尊重的对象。2.研究分享者汤浅从风格的角度对尼采的生命概念进行了研究，并试图对西方从古到今的生命观进行整体性的勾勒，其代表人物佐藤则考察了康德《判断力批判》中有机体论与美学的关系，并对自然科学生命观与文化科学生命观的一致性与不一致性进行了研究。

We have the following two research themes this year.1.To reexamine and make a generalization of the outcome of the research we have carried out at each section meeting these three years.2.To present a general viewpoint for concepts of Life in Western history of Ideas, through the comparative examination of separate researches.Each concrete outcome is as follows.1.Mishima, the research sharer, conducted a study on Greek thought of the Good Life, examining into Socratic dialectic in Plato's dialogues.Takahashi, a research supporter, conducted an examination into Aristotle's Final Good, i.e.the Happiness, and attempted to clarify how Aristotle had synthethically conceived the order of Nature and of human soul and of society in respect of Life.Miyashita, also a research supporter, clarified the relation of Life to salvation in the unconscious of the Ancients through Jung's mythology on the Old Testament.And Kumano, the research sharer, presented the example in Levinas' concepts of otherself that Life is not an object to operate but to treat with respect.2.Yuasa, the research sharer, conducted a study on Nieschze's concepts of Life in respect of Style, and attempted to present a total image of concepts of Life in Western Ideas from ancient time to modern.And Satou, the research representative, examined the relation between Organism and Aesthetics in Kant's "Critique of Judgement", and conducted a study on the consistency and inconsistency of a natural-scientific view of Life with cultual-scientific.