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Forming the modern political economy regime 1955-65 : roles of political party in Europe and Japan

1955-65年现代政治经济体制的形成：欧洲和日本政党的角色

基本信息

批准号：
10420015
负责人：
IIDA Yoshihiro
金额：
$ 2.75万
依托单位：
Gakushuin University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10420015/
关键词：
political party political economy regime Liberal Democratic Party 1955-regime French Fifth Republic integration of interest groups 党派化パトロネージ 1950年代 1960年代日欧比較国家-社会関係高度経済成長

项目摘要

We have tried to show which different roles political parties in Europe and Japan played in forming the modern political economy regime in 1955-65. Especially we examined the relationship between political parties and states or interest groups in that forming process. Case studies adopted in our project are Japan in 1950's and 1960's, French Fifth Republic and West Germany.Nakakita's report shows how the Japanese 1955-regime as modern political economy regime was formed. He poses an interpretation that the political intention of 1955-regime building was to make a strong political power to carry out the demilitarization and the independence from USA.The economic one, according to his interpretation, was to get an economic power needed to adapt to the open international economic system under the USA initiative.In Sorai's report, "changes in 1960" is regarded as the most important political event in postwar Japan as well as the formation of 1955-regime. In 1960, the governing LDP changed the style of governance. In the same year, Socialist Party of Japan in opposition also changed her strategy to come to power. Japanese politics after 1960 was strongly determined by these double changes.Nakayama's theme is French political economy regime in the forming period of Fifth Republic. He makes it clear why and how moderate modernization policy, which party governments in Fourth Republic had been leading, was abandoned and radical modernization policy replaced it under the strong president's initiative.Iida shows how the problem "integration of group interests" was solved in West Germany in 1955-65. During this term, old-fashioned ideas of integrating interest groups (=plans of Federal Economic Council or Erhard's concept of "Formierte Gesellschaft") were vanishing. In place of state institutions, which were leading actors in traditional ideas, political parties began to play important roles to integrate group interests.

我们试图展示1955- 1965年欧洲和日本的政党在形成现代政治经济体制中扮演了哪些不同的角色。我们特别研究了政党与国家或利益集团在形成过程中的关系。在我们的项目中采用的案例研究是1950年代和1960年代的日本，法兰西第五共和国和西德。中田的报告展示了日本1955年政权作为现代政治经济体制的形成过程。他认为，1955年政权建立的政治意图是建立一个强大的政治力量，以实现非军事化和独立于美国。经济方面，按照他的解释，是在美国的倡议下获得适应开放的国际经济体系所需的经济力量。在Sorai的报告中，“1960年的变化”被认为是战后日本最重要的政治事件，也是1955年政权的形成。1960年，执政的自民党改变了执政风格。同年，反对党日本社会党也改变了她的执政策略。1960年后的日本政治受到这双重变化的强烈影响。中山的主题是第五共和国形成时期的法国政治经济制度。他清楚地阐述了第四共和国政党政府主导的温和现代化政策被抛弃的原因和过程，以及在强势总统的推动下激进现代化政策被取代的过程。Iida展示了1955- 1965年西德如何解决“集团利益一体化”问题。在这一任期内，整合利益集团的老式想法（=联邦经济委员会的计划或艾哈德的“联合社会”概念）正在消失。政党开始在整合集团利益方面发挥重要作用，取代了在传统观念中扮演主导角色的国家机构。