Study on the changing process of Hanshin Great Earthquake Restoration Plan in the City of Kobe

科比市坂神大地震复兴计划的特点如下。第一，主要目标是严重依赖于恢复城市基础设施相比，援助的受害者。第二，以拆建制为主要的限制方式，而不是渐进式的改善方式。第三，中央与地方之间的规划决策完全是官僚主义的，但6年的时间证明，这种技术官僚主导的规划是不彻底的，是无效的。原因如下。第一，基础设施过度投资导致城市财政危机。其次，拆建制度由于破坏了社区赋权，削弱了受灾地区的恢复和限制能力。第三，受灾居民对自上而下的决策不信任，城市与居民之间的伙伴关系弱化。通过对科比坂神大地震灾后恢复计划的考察，我们认为应该尽快修改该计划，并将其转变为软导向计划。即规划目标由基础设施约束向社区发展的转变，规划方法向可持续发展体系的转变，社区约束中公民伙伴关系的确立。

The characteristics of Hanshin Great Earthquake Restoration Plan in the City of Kobe are as follows. First, the main object was heavily tied on the restoration of urban infrasturucture compared with the assistance of suffers. Secondly, scrap-and-build system was adopted as a main method of restration rather than incremental improvement systems. Thirdly, plan-making and decision were completely done by beurocrats between central and local governments.But however, the time of 6 years proves that the technocrats-dominatede-plan is uncompleted and ineffective. The reason are as follows. First, over-investment for infrasturucture leads into the fiscal crisis of the city. Secondly, the scrap-and-build system destreses the power of recovery and restration in the suffered area because of the destruction of community enpowerment. Thirdly, the top-down decision is distrusted of sufferd residennts and the partnership between city and residents becomes weakend.As a results of these inspections on Hanshin Great Earthquake Restoration Plan in the City of Kobe, we argue that the plan should be revised and transferd into soft-oriented plan as soon as possible. That is, first the change of plan-object from infrastructure restration into community development, secondly the transfer of plan-method into sustainable development system, thirdly the constrution of citizen-partnership on community restration.