Development of High Performance Membranes for Pervaporation and Vapor Permeation of Hydrocarbon Mixtures

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NaY zeolite membranes were successfully prepared and showed high performance of pervaporation (PV) of methanol over methyl tert-butyl ether and of vapor permeation (VP) of benzene (Bz) over cyclohexane (Cx) and n-hexane (Hx) due to preferential adsorption of methanol and Bz, respectively.Carbonized membranes derived from an asymmetric polyimide hollow fiber membrane showed excellent performance of propylene/propane and 1, 3-butadiene/n-butane due to molecular sieving. Composite carbonized membranes derived from phenolic resins with pendant sulfonic acid group have potential for PV and VP of hydrocarbon mixtures.Sorption and diffusion behavior to Bz/Cx and Bz/Hx mixtures was investigated for rubbery and glassy polymer membranes. Competitive sorption and coupling effect of the coexisting component on diffusion coefficient were observed only for the glassy polymers. Isotopic-transient permeation experiments were useful to measure diffusion coefficient of the component under steady state of PV.Thianthrene-ring-containing polyimides, copoly (methacrylate) with pendant phosphonate groups, aromatic hyperbranced or star-like polyimides were also prepared as noble membrane materials for PV of hydrocarbon mixtures.