Development of High Performance Membranes for Pervaporation and Vapor Permeation of Hydrocarbon Mixtures

成功地制备了NaY分子筛膜，在甲基叔丁基醚上甲醇的渗透汽化(PV)和苯(BZ)在环己烷(CX)和正己烷(HX)上的汽相渗透(VP)性能分别是由于甲醇和BZ的优先吸附而表现出来的。由不对称聚酰亚胺中空纤维膜衍生的碳化膜由于分子筛的作用表现出了丙烯/丙烷和1，3-丁二烯/正丁烷的优异性能。含磺酸基团的酚醛树脂制备的复合炭化膜具有潜在的烃类混合物的PV和VP。研究了橡胶和玻璃态聚合物膜对BZ/CX和BZ/HX混合物的吸附和扩散行为。仅在玻璃态聚合物中观察到共存组分对扩散系数的竞争吸附和耦合效应。用同位素-瞬变渗透实验测定了含硫杂环聚酰亚胺、含侧基膦酸基的甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物、芳香族超高密度聚酰亚胺或星形聚酰亚胺作为稀释膜材料的稳态扩散系数。

NaY zeolite membranes were successfully prepared and showed high performance of pervaporation (PV) of methanol over methyl tert-butyl ether and of vapor permeation (VP) of benzene (Bz) over cyclohexane (Cx) and n-hexane (Hx) due to preferential adsorption of methanol and Bz, respectively.Carbonized membranes derived from an asymmetric polyimide hollow fiber membrane showed excellent performance of propylene/propane and 1, 3-butadiene/n-butane due to molecular sieving. Composite carbonized membranes derived from phenolic resins with pendant sulfonic acid group have potential for PV and VP of hydrocarbon mixtures.Sorption and diffusion behavior to Bz/Cx and Bz/Hx mixtures was investigated for rubbery and glassy polymer membranes. Competitive sorption and coupling effect of the coexisting component on diffusion coefficient were observed only for the glassy polymers. Isotopic-transient permeation experiments were useful to measure diffusion coefficient of the component under steady state of PV.Thianthrene-ring-containing polyimides, copoly (methacrylate) with pendant phosphonate groups, aromatic hyperbranced or star-like polyimides were also prepared as noble membrane materials for PV of hydrocarbon mixtures.