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Development of new sorbent material for reversible removal of air pollutants using catalytic reactions

开发利用催化反应可逆去除空气污染物的新型吸附剂材料

基本信息

批准号：
10555280
负责人：
EGUCHI Koichi
金额：
$ 7.68万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY (2000)Kyushu University (1998-1999)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10555280/
关键词：
nitrogen oxide removal by sorbent zirconia oxidation catalyst nitrate ions NOx NOx 塩化水素酸化マンガン

项目摘要

It was earnestly desired to develop the effective removal methods or harmful compounds such as NO_X and HCl in the exhaust gases as pollutants. However, it was very difficult to convert these pollutants to harmless compounds on catalysts, because some components in the exhaust gases poisoned the catalyst. In this project, we tried to develop the solid oxide sorbents on which these pollutants were absorbed, concentrated, and reversibly released. We prepared ZrO_2-based sorbents such as Pt-ZrO_2/Al_2O_3 and MnO_y-ZrO_2, On these sorbents NO was catalytically oxidized to nitrate ions, and they moved to the Zr sites. The effect of calcinations temperature and preparation procedures on their NO_X removal capacity was investigated. When H_2PtCl_6 was used as starting materials, high temperature calcination was necessary to remove residual chlorine on the surface of the sorbent. The residual chlorine was not removed by at low temperature calcinations. We found out that when Cl-free compound was used as starting materials, the removal capacity was enhanced by high dispersion of Pt. The ZrO_2-Al_2O_3 support prepared by the coprecipitation method was impregnated with Pt(NO_2)_2(NH_3)_2 solution, and this catalyst showed highest activity in this project. Although ZrO_2-Al_2O_3 did not store NO, it stored NO_2 obtained by oxidation of NO.We found out that catalysts played an important role in store and release reactions at high velocity. While NO removal reaction needed relatively a larger amount of Pt, NO_2 removal reaction needed a trace amount of relatively inactive compounds such as Co and Mn, which enhanced both store and release reactions.

因此，迫切需要开发出有效的去除废气中NOx、HCl等有害化合物的方法。然而，在催化剂上将这些污染物转化为无害的化合物是非常困难的，因为废气中的某些组分会使催化剂中毒。在这个项目中，我们试图开发固体氧化物吸附剂，这些污染物被吸收，浓缩，并可逆地释放。制备了Pt-ZrO_2/Al_2O_3和MnO_y-ZrO_2等ZrO_2基吸附剂，在这些吸附剂上NO被催化氧化为硝酸根离子，并迁移到Zr位。考察了煅烧温度和制备工艺对脱硝性能的影响。当以H_2PtCl_6为原料时，需要高温焙烧以除去吸附剂表面的余氯。低温煅烧不能有效去除余氯。我们发现，当使用无氯化合物作为起始原料时，Pt的高分散性增强了去除能力。用共沉淀法制备的ZrO_2-Al_2O_3载体浸渍Pt（NO_2）_2（NH_3）_2溶液，催化剂的活性最高。ZrO_2-Al_2O_3虽然不能储存NO，但却能储存NO氧化后生成的NO_2。NO脱除反应需要相对大量的Pt，而NO_2脱除反应则需要微量的Co、Mn等相对惰性的化合物，这对储存和释放反应都有促进作用。