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Fuel Reforming and CO Removal for Transportable Hydrogen Production Systems

可运输制氢系统的燃料重整和二氧化碳去除

基本信息

批准号：
11450308
负责人：
EGUCHI Koichi
金额：
$ 9.15万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY (2000-2001)Kyushu University (1999)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11450308/
关键词：
Hydrogen Production Methanol Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Shift Reaction Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Internal Reforming Selective Oxidation 固体酸化物燃料電池高分子電解質燃料電池

项目摘要

Fuel Cells are highly efficiency devices, which use hydrogen as fuel, since the cells can directly convert chemical energy to electronic energy. In particular, polymer electrolyte fuel cells are compact and transportable ; therefore, they can beused in cars and houses. In transportable system, hydrogen must be produced on site. In this study, hydrogen productions form methanol and hydrocarbons were investigated.For hydrogen synthesis from methanol, supported Cu catalyst was used. For low loading catalyst, catalyst activity strictly depended on the support. The Cu catalyst supported on ZnAl_2O_4 with high surface area showed high activity. They had two kinds of active sites. One was an XRD-detectable species which showed high TOF and, the other was an XRD undetectable species which showed low TOF.Next partial oxidation of methane was conducted on Ni catalysts supported on hexaaluninate mixed oxide. Ni species was supported by the reduction of the mixed oxide at 800℃. It showed high activity and high stability even at high temperature range.CO removals from reformed methanol and hydrocarbon gasses were conducted on Cu-Al_2O_3-ZnO catalyst in the presence of small amount of oxygen. Oxygen promoted the CO removal, and enhanced CO removal in particular at low temperature of 150℃.Generation experiment was conducted on solid oxide fuel cell, inside of which methane was reformed with steam. CaO, SrO, and CeO_2 addition to Ni-YSZ cermet reduced the carbon formation rate. Deactivation for steam reforming was suppressed by the CaO addition. Performance of Ca-containing Ni-YSZ for Electrode catalyst was slightly lower than parent Ni-YSZ and showed stable activity.

燃料电池是一种以氢为燃料的高效装置，因为它可以直接将化学能转化为电能。特别是，聚合物电解质燃料电池结构紧凑，便于运输；因此，它们可以用在汽车和房子里。在可运输系统中，氢气必须在现场生产。在这项研究中，研究了甲醇和碳氢化合物的制氢。甲醇合成氢采用负载铜催化剂。对于低负载催化剂，催化剂活性严格依赖于载体。高表面积ZnAl_2O_4负载Cu催化剂表现出较高的活性。它们有两种活性位点。一个是XRD可检测的，TOF高，另一个是XRD不可检测的，TOF低。然后，在六铝酸盐混合氧化物负载的Ni催化剂上对甲烷进行了部分氧化。在800℃下，混合氧化物的还原作用支持了Ni的存在。在高温条件下也表现出高活性和高稳定性。在Cu-Al_2O_3-ZnO催化剂上，在少量氧气存在下，对重整甲醇和烃类气体中的CO进行了脱除。氧促进了CO的脱除，特别是在150℃低温下，氧对CO的脱除效果更好。在固体氧化物燃料电池上进行了甲烷与蒸汽转化的发电实验。CaO、SrO和CeO_2的加入降低了Ni-YSZ陶瓷的碳生成速率。CaO的加入抑制了蒸汽重整的失活。含钙Ni-YSZ作为电极催化剂的性能略低于母体Ni-YSZ，具有稳定的活性。