Petrus Berchoius and the ancient myth in the 14th century

Petrus Berchoius 和 14 世纪的古代神话

• 批准号: 455968118
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Dieter Blume
• 金额: --
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Publication Grants
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2019-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/455968118?language=en
• 关键词: Petrus; Berchoius; ancient; myth; 14th

The planned publication analyzes the examination of and the debate on the ancient myth in the 14th century and developes a completly new basis for the understandig of this important phenomenon. The world of gods and heroes in the Roman poetry at that time was related to one’s own world and developed into a reference system that was to prevail throughout modern times. The starting point ist the edition, translation and analysis oft he so-called Ovidius moralizatus by Petrus Berchorius, which was previously only accessible in a revised and completely inadequate print of 1509. This allegorical interpretation of Ovid’s Metamorphoses, written around 1340 in Avignon, is one of the most successful writings in the 14th and 15th century; it is still preserved today in c. 80 manuscripts. The ancient myth corpus of Ovid is attributed a hidden meaning here and in this way the Bible and myth are brought together in the medium of allegoresis. Berchorius offers a variety of interpretations, which call for both positive and negative examples and refer in large measure to the contemporary, life-wordly experience. In doing so, he breaks new ground and consistently uses allegoresis as a literary-rhetorical technique adapted from theological hermeneutics. Fort he first time a central text on the reception of ancient myths in the late Middle Ages and the Renaissance is thus made accessible for research of the variuos historical disciplines. The treatise of Berchorius is received immediately in Italy and is also provided with highly unusual illustrations. For the Milanese nobleman Bruzio Visconti, whose literary interests are well documented, a miniature cycle was compiled in Bologna in 1348 that brought the process of transformation into the focus of attention and also revealed a strong interest in nature. (Gotha, Forschungsbiliothek Membr. I 98) These spectacular images are being systematically analyzed here for the first time. The drawings in a further codex (Bergamo, Biblioteca Civica, Ms. Cassaforte 3.4), which according to our new dating was created already c. 1360, are presumably made by layman and proves once again the great resonance that this new interpretation of Ovid’s Metamorphoses has received in the intellectual circles oft he Upper Italian cities. According to the descriptions of Berchorius, a new iconography oft he ancient gods was developed around 1350, which at that time radiated widely, but today can only grasped in a few examples. A concluding chapter places the treatise of Berchorius in the context of the numerous efforts that were then devoted tp the ancient myth, including the names of Dante, Petrarch and Boccaccio. Despite their diversity, all these efforts connect the myth with familar areas of knowledge and contemporry experiences.

这本计划出版的书分析了14世纪对古代神话的研究和争论，并为理解这一重要现象提供了一个全新的基础。当时罗马诗歌中的神和英雄世界与自己的世界相关，并发展成为一个贯穿整个现代的参照系。出发点是Petrus Berchorius的所谓Ovidius moralizatus的版本，翻译和分析，以前只能在1509年的修订版和完全不充分的印刷中获得。这部对奥维德的《变形记》进行的寓言式解读，于1340年左右写于阿维尼翁，是14和15世纪最成功的作品之一;它至今仍保存在公元前200年。80篇手稿古代神话语料库的奥维德是归因于一个隐藏的意义在这里，以这种方式，圣经和神话是一起的媒介allegoresis。Berchorius提供了各种各样的解释，其中既有积极的例子，也有消极的例子，在很大程度上指的是当代的生活经验。在这样做的过程中，他开辟了新的天地，并一贯使用allegoresis作为一种文学修辞技术改编自神学诠释学。这是第一次有一个关于中世纪晚期和文艺复兴时期古代神话接受的中心文本，从而可以用于各种历史学科的研究。该论文的Berchorius是收到立即在意大利，也提供了极不寻常的插图。米兰贵族布鲁齐奥·维斯孔蒂（Bruzio Visconti）对文学的兴趣是有据可查的，他于1348年在博洛尼亚编辑了一本微型循环，将转变过程带入了人们关注的焦点，也揭示了他对自然的浓厚兴趣。（Gotha，Forschungsbiliothek）这些壮观的图像在这里首次被系统地分析。在进一步的手抄本（贝加莫，Biblioteca Civica，Cassaforte女士3.4），根据我们的新的约会已经创建c. 1360年，大概是由门外汉，并再次证明了巨大的共鸣，这种新的解释奥维德的变形记已收到的知识界的他上意大利城市。根据Berchorius的描述，一种新的古代神的图像是在1350年左右发展起来的，在当时广泛传播，但今天只能通过几个例子来理解。最后一章将Berchorius的论文置于当时致力于古代神话的众多努力的背景下，包括但丁，彼特拉克和薄伽丘的名字。尽管它们的多样性，所有这些努力都将神话与熟悉的知识领域和当代经验联系起来。