Analysis of interrelationship between hardware and software technologies In the processes of the product development

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In the research, we have examined and cleared to what extent Japanese electronics multinationals develop their R＆D activities on a global scale, keeping hardware technologies and software technologies in mind. We have successfully made light of their extent of internationalization and networking of R＆D by these multinationals in the field of hardware technologies and software technologies in the basic research by taking an approach that refers to US patents and scientific papers published as results of R＆D activities. The main finding of this research is that globalization and networking of R＆D activities of the electronics companies demonstrate high standards and are continuing to progress both in terms of software in basic research and hardware in industrial engineering. The average ratio of internationalization of their R＆D activities in the field of basic research in terms of scientific papers has exceeded that of 7 US MNCs as of 1998. It may be suggested that there is a drastic evolution towards an international networking R＆D structures in the fields of basic research of Japanese multinationals.