Mass selection, development of inbred lines and somatic embryogenesis of pearl millet

珍珠粟的群体选择、自交系发育及体细胞胚胎发生

• 批准号: 11460009
• 负责人: YOSHIDA Tomohiko
• 金额: $ 2.94万
• 依托单位: Utsunomiya University (2001-2002)Kyushu University (1999-2000)
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11460009/
• 关键词: Another culture; Combining ability; Genetic gain; Heritability; Inbred line; Inflorescence culture; Mass selection; Pearl millet; 生長点培養; 収量構成要素; 胚培養; 再分化; 低温処理; 稔性回復

Two cycles of recurrent selection increased not only the selected characters, grain weight and panicle numbers, but also non-selected characters such as plant height, top weight, harvest index and panicle length. Heritability estimated by the genetic gain was 0.47 for number of panicles per plant, 0.67 for panicle weight, 0.47 for grain weight per panicle and 0.90 for grain yield per plant, showing that the further selection for grain yield might be possible. Genetic correlation between grain yield and yield-related traits was high, showing the effectiveness of indirect selection through these yield-related traits for high grain yield.The anthers having pollen around the tetrad stage were most suitable for anther culture and low-temperature treatment was effective for the callus induction. On the Msmedium supplemented with 2.5mg/L 2, 4-D, the callus induction rate was about 10% and the plant regeneration rate was 0.16%. Regenerated lines were test-crossed and some of them gave relatively high grain yield, showing that anther culture technic could be used for hybrd breeding for pearl millet.Crops were propagated through immature inflorescence culture. No chromosome abbreviations were observed, showing that the same genotype could be clone-increased for a yield test as that in a self-pollinated crop.

两轮轮回选择不仅提高了粒重、穗数等选择性状，而且提高了株高、穗重、收获指数、穗长等非选择性状。单株穗数、穗重、穗粒重和单株产量的遗传力分别为0.47、0.67、0.47和0.90，表明对产量的进一步选择是可能的。产量与产量相关性状间的遗传相关性较高，表明通过产量相关性状间接选择可获得较高的产量;四分体前后有花粉的花药最适合花药培养，低温处理对愈伤组织的诱导效果较好。在MS +2.5mg/L2，4-D培养基上，愈伤组织诱导率为10%左右，植株再生率为0.16%。对再生系进行测交，部分品系获得了较高的产量，表明花药培养技术可用于珍珠粟杂交育种。没有观察到染色体缩写，表明相同的基因型可以克隆增加的产量测试，在自花授粉作物。

项目成果

吉田智彦: "トウジンビエの耐乾性,耐塩性,アルミニウム耐性選抜とその遺伝率"日本作物学会九州支部会報. 65. 54-56 (1999)

Tomohiko Yoshida：“珍珠粟的耐旱、耐盐、耐铝的选择及其遗传力”，日本作物学会九州分会通报 65. 54-56 (1999)。

Tomohiko Yoshida: "Production and breeding of sorghum and pearl millet"Jpn. J. Crop Sci.. 71. 147-153 (2002)

吉田智彦：《高粱、珍珠粟的生产与育种》Jpn.

T.Yoshida, Totok A.D.H. and N.D.Can: "Genetic gains and genetic correlations of yield-related traits in pearl millet after two cycles of recurrent selection"Jpn. J. Crop Sci.. 68. 253-256 (1999)

T.吉田，Totok A.D.H.

A.Shigemune and T.Yoshida: "Method of anther culture of pearl millet and ploldy level of regenerated plants"Jpn. J. Crop Sci.. 69. 224-228 (2000)

A.Shigemune 和 T.Yoshida：“珍珠粟花药培养方法和再生植物的倍数水平”Jpn。

吉田智彦: "ソルガムとトウジンビエの生産と多収育種"日本作物学会紀事. 71. 147-153 (2002)

吉田智彦：“高粱和珍珠粟的生产和高产育种”日本作物学会杂志 71. 147-153 (2002)。