Runoff characteristics and sediment yield in composite volcanic area

复合火山区径流特征及产沙量

• 批准号: 11460074
• 负责人: SHIMOKAWA Etsuro
• 金额: $ 7.36万
• 依托单位: Kagoshima University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11460074/
• 关键词: Volcano; Hydrogeomorphology; Erosion; Slope failure; Debris Now; Hydrological observation; Water Discharge; 空中写真判読; 霧島火山

In Kyushu, Japan, debris flow disasters have occurred frequently during rainy and typhoon seasons. The mechanism on runoff and sediment yield, and temporal variation of hydrological characteristics and sediment transported by debris flows in volcanic area of Kyushu are examined based on field study. The results are summarized as follow :1. Geomorphological conditions of basins was analyzed. As the result, distribution map of gradient, relief energy and drainage system were prepared, and were compared with topographical conditions and geological structure between volcanoes.2. In the hydrological observatories installed in the basins, discharge, temperature, and electrical conductivity of the stream water were measured continuously. Although these basins are located in the same flank, the runoff characteristics changes with the rates of gentle slope, the degree of weathered rocks, and the degree of dissection, etc.3. Vegetation was decreased sediment by sheet erosion. Median diameter of sediment by sheet erosion in slope covered with vegetation was about 50% of those by sheet erosion in bare land slope. Final infiltration capacity in soil and Manning's coefficient of roughness on slope were increased by cover of vegetation.

日本九州地区，雨季和台风季节泥石流灾害频发。通过实地研究，探讨了九州火山区产流产沙的机理、泥石流水文特征和泥石流的时间变化。研究结果概括如下： 1．对盆地地貌条件进行了分析。由此绘制了坡度、地形能量和排水系统的分布图，并与火山间的地形条件和地质结构进行了比较。 2．在流域内安装的水文观测站中，连续测量河流的流量、温度和电导率。这些流域虽然位于同一侧翼，但径流特征随缓坡率、岩石风化程度、解剖程度等的不同而变化。3．由于片状侵蚀，植被减少，沉积物减少。植被覆盖坡面侵蚀沉积物的中位直径约为裸地坡面侵蚀沉积物的50%。土壤的最终入渗能力和斜坡上的曼宁粗糙度系数因植被覆盖而增加。

项目成果

下川悦郎: "出水・針原川流域で発生した深層崩壊とその発生場の予測"自然災害総合研究班災害科学研究通信. 59. 2-10 (1999)

Etsuro Shimokawa：“泉和张原河流域及其位置发生的深层滑坡的预测”，自然灾害研究小组灾害科学研究通讯，59. 2-10 (1999)。

下川悦郎: "'97出水土石流災害 九州・沖縄の地盤工学-あゆみと展望"社団法人 地盤工学会九州支部. 333 (1999)

Etsuro Shimokawa：“97泥石流灾难：九州和冲绳的岩土工程 - 进展和展望”日本岩土工程学会九州分会 333（1999）。

地頭薗 隆: "深層崩壊発生場の予測の試み-鹿児島県出水市矢筈岳山体を例にして-"水利科学. 45・2. 1-16 (2001)

Takashi Jitozono：“尝试预测深层滑坡的位置 - 以鹿儿岛县和泉市八霸山为例 -”水科学 45・2.1-16（2001）。

Jitousono, T.: "Studies of prediction of deep-seated landslide sites -Runoff characteristics of low flow at Harihara, Izumi City-"Proceedings of the Annual Meeting for the Japan Society of Erosion Control Engineering in 1999. 308-309 (1999)

Jitousono, T.：“深层滑坡场地预测研究 - 和泉市张原市低流量径流特征 -”日本侵蚀控制工程学会 1999 年年会记录。 308-309 (1999)

地頭薗 隆: "深層崩壊発生場の予測法に関する検討-出水市針原川流域における水文観測-"平成12年度砂防学会研究発表会概要集. 8-9 (2000)

地藤园隆：“深层滑坡发生地点的预测方法研究-和泉市张原河流域的水文观测-”2000年萨博学会研究报告摘要集8-9（2000）。