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Changes of sediment disaster and topography following the ChiChi Taiwan Earthquake on September 21,1999

1999年9月21日台湾集集地震后泥沙灾害及地形变化

基本信息

批准号：
14254002
负责人：
SHIMOKAWA Etsuro
金额：
$ 24.88万
依托单位：
Kagoshima University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14254002/
关键词：
Taiwan 1999 Chi-Chi Taiwan Earthquake change of topography sediment disaster slope failure debris flow warning evacuation system

项目摘要

The Chi-Chi Taiwan Earthquake on September 21,1999 killed many people and involved great property loss. Also, it triggered many slope failures and debris flows in the mountainous regions. The resulting sediment movement caused sediment disasters at every heavy rain. This study aimed to examine the changes of sediment disaster and topography following the earthquake based on the field investigations. The results are summarized as follows :1.Changes of topography of slopes and river channels following the earthquake ware clarified quantitatively in the study area (10.76km^2) in central Taiwan. More than 131 slope-failure scars have been identified through aerial photographic interpretation. The slope-failure area is 1.35km^2, representing 12.5% of the study area. The sediment from slope failures flows out to the lower reaches of the river at every heavy rain. The outflow of the sediment changes the river topography at the same time as it causes sediment disasters.2.Although debris flows had occurred about once per year in the study area before the earthquake, they occurred 20 times or more in 2000 after the earthquake. Older and more recent debris-flow terraces are observed along the river in the study area. In Taiwan, severe earthquakes have occurred repeatedly in the past, and sediment movement resulting from earthquakes is considered to be the main cause of change in mountain and river topography.3.The mechanisms of slope failures, expansion of slope-failure scars by rainfall, and the countermeasure were examined for some slope failures (Jiu-Feng-Er-Shan, Tzao-Ling, Huo-Yan-Shan).4.The sediment disasters by typhoons of the period in 2002 to 2004 were investigated in the areas influenced by the earthquake. The relationships between slope failure and rainfall conditions were analyzed before and behind the earthquake.5.The countermeasures and warning evacuation systems for the sediment disaster were compared between Japan and Taiwan.

1999年9月21日发生的台湾集集大地震，造成了巨大的人员伤亡和财产损失。此外，它还引发了山区的许多边坡失稳和泥石流。由此产生的泥沙运动在每次大雨中都造成泥沙灾害。本研究以野外调查为基础，探讨地震后泥沙灾害与地形之变化。主要研究结果如下：1.定量地阐明了台湾中部10.76km^2研究区地震后斜坡地形和河道地形的变化。通过航空摄影判读，已经确定了131多个边坡破坏疤痕。滑坡面积为1.35km^2，占研究区面积的12.5%。每次大雨时，滑坡产生的沉积物都流向下游。地震前研究区每年发生一次左右的泥石流灾害，而地震后2000年发生了20多次以上的泥石流灾害。在研究区，沿沿着观察到较老和较新的泥石流阶地。台湾地区过去曾多次发生强烈地震，地震所引起的泥沙运动被认为是造成台湾山区及河川地形变化的主要原因（九峰二山、枣岭、火焰山）4.对2002 ~ 2004年地震影响区的台风泥沙灾害进行了调查。分析了地震前后边坡失稳与降雨条件的关系。5.比较了日本和台湾地区的泥沙灾害对策和预警疏散系统。