Early Signs of Austic Disorder and Acoustic Analysis of their Speech

进行了两项研究，一项是关于自闭症的早期症状，另一项是对他们的特征语音模式进行声学分析。研究1：自闭症的早期症状。研究对象：自闭症组（13例）、正常对照组（8例）、注意缺陷/多动障碍组（4例）、表达发展性言语障碍组（4例）、听觉缺陷1例进行对比分析。方法：对0 ~ 2岁儿童的家庭录像从以下方面进行分析：(1)社会互动，(2)情感，(3)感知，(4)运动/肌肉张力，(5)行为。结果：6月龄前对轻、小运动物体的敏感感知行为被视为早期症状。社会交往和情感障碍是早期症状的可能性很高，但本研究无法证实。与中枢神经系统功能障碍有关的社会互动和感知行为在12个月前最为常见，这些行为被认为在13个月后会融入到持续的行为中。研究二：语音对象与方法的声学研究：1)采用语音分析仪对24例2 ~ 6岁健康儿童的语音进行5个元音f1和f2的过渡分析。2)通过构建f1/f2图，对116例2 ~ 6岁健康儿童的语音录音进行5个元音发育的年龄分析。3)对20例阿斯伯格障碍患者进行了识别和模仿合成语音“saita-taita-aita”变化序列的能力测试。结果：1)5个元音在2 ~ 4岁时未分化，在5岁时融合。2)对33名健康儿童的分析表明，在婴儿期，即发音出现阶段，f2习得先于f1逐渐分化为各自的元音。3)根据声音识别率将亚斯伯格障碍分为3类。摘要：特征感知行为被提取为自闭症的早期症状。对自闭症儿童特有言语的声学分析指出，在言语习得阶段，辅助运动的抑制作用可能不足，听觉关联区激活程度可能升高。继续进行基础研究对于促进自闭症儿童的治疗和指导是必要的。少

Two studies were carried out, one on the early signs of autistic disorders, and the other an acoustic analysis of their characteristic speech patterns.Study 1 : The early signs of autistic disorders. Subjects : Comparative analysis was carried out on an autistic disorder group (13 cases), normal control group (8 cases), attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder group (4 cases), expressive developmental speech disorder group (4 cases), and 1 case of auditory deficiency. Method : Home video records taken between age 0〜2 were analyzed in terms of : (1) social interaction, (2) affect, (3) perception, (4) motor/muscle tonus, and (5) behavior. Results : Hypersensitive perceptive behavior to light and small moving objects noted from before 6 months of age were regarded as the early signs. The probability of disorders in social interaction and affect being early signs are high, but could not be confirmed in this study. Disabilities in coordinated movement, and motor/muscle tonus disorders requi … More re further evaluation in association with functional disorders of the CNS Behavior pertaining to social interaction and perception were most frequent before 12 months, which were believed to be integrated into persistent behavior after 13 months of age.Study 2 : Acoustic study on speech Subjects and Method : 1) The speech of 24 healthy 2〜6 year-olds were analyzed by a speech analyzer for transition in f1 and f2 of the 5 vowels. 2) Speech recordings collected from 116 healthy 2〜6 year-olds were analyzed by age regarding development of the 5 vowels through construction of f1/f2 diagrams. 3) 20 cases of Asperger disorder were tested for their ability to identify and imitate a changing sequence of synthesized speech "saita-taita-aita". Results : 1) The 5 vowels were found to be undifferentiated between age 2〜4, becoming integrated at age 5. 2) Analysis of 33 healthy children indicated that in infancy, the emergent stage of articulation, f2 acquisition precedes the gradual differentiation of f1 into the respective vowels. 3)Asperger disorder was classifiable into 3 categories by rate of sound identification.Summary : Characteristic perceptive behavior was extracted as the early signs of autistic disorder. Acoustic analysis of speech peculiar to autistic children point to the possibility of insufficient inhibitory action from the supplementary motor and elevated activation of the auditory association area during the stage of speech acquisition. Continuation of basic studies is necessary for contributing to the treatment and guidance of children with autistic disorders. Less