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Research on a material and energy cycle model in the earth system using earth observation satellite data

利用对地观测卫星数据研究地球系统物质与能量循环模型

基本信息

批准号：
11490016
负责人：
OGAWA Katsuro
金额：
$ 9.54万
依托单位：
Nagoya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11490016/
关键词：
earth observation satellite remote sensing material circulation carbon balance carbon dioxide vegetation index net primary production ASTER 分光

项目摘要

For the purpose of understanding a coupled cycle of material and energy flows in the earth system, a global scale numerical model was constructed by considering interactions and feedbacks among four spheres (atmosphere, biosphere, lithosphere, and hydrosphere). As a result of simulation by this model, we found that the global terrestrial net primary production (NPP) had been increasing since 1920s, and the NPP increase was approximately 1.3% over 10 years in 1980s. On the other hand, time sequential remote sensing data sets obtained by earth observation satellites were used to give constraints to the numerical model.As a result, the increase in the global NPP by the terrestrial vegetation was estimated at 2 to 4 % over 10 years in 1980s. We found significant increases in the areal and temporal NPP variations, e.g. in the northern middle-high latitude areas, where annual and seasonal NDVIs and temperature were positively correlated. The temporal vegetation variations were verified locally in the test sites such as the suburbs of Nagoya City, Aichi Prefecture, using the Landsat MSS and TM data. These high spatial resolution data obtained by earth observation satellites were also used to analyze important parameters in the material and energy cycle model, e.g. evapotranspiration and reflectanceThe observation performances of ASTER, which is the latest high resolution multispectral imager, were confirmed to meet the baseline requirements. The ASTER data were successfully used to estimate deforested areas in Brazilian Amazon. Spectral properties of various materials were measured in our laboratory as fundamental data for interpretation of remote sensing data.

为了理解地球系统中物质流和能量流的耦合循环，建立了一个考虑大气圈、生物圈、岩石圈和水圈相互作用和反馈的全球尺度数值模式。结果表明，自20世纪20年代以来，全球陆地净初级生产力（NPP）呈上升趋势，20世纪80年代NPP在10年间的增长率约为1.3%。另一方面，利用对地观测卫星的时间序列遥感数据对数值模型进行约束，结果表明，20世纪80年代陆地植被对全球NPP的贡献率在10年内增加了2 ~ 4%。我们发现NPP的区域和时间变化显著增加，例如在北方中高纬地区，年和季节NDVI与温度呈正相关。利用Landsat MSS和TM数据，在爱知县名古屋市郊区等试验地点对植被的时间变化进行了局部验证。利用对地观测卫星获得的高空间分辨率数据，分析了物质能量循环模型中的蒸散量和反射率等重要参数，验证了最新高分辨率多光谱成像仪ASTER的观测性能满足基线要求。ASTER数据成功地用于估计巴西亚马逊地区的毁林面积。实验室测量了各种物质的光谱特性，作为遥感数据解译的基础数据。