Dispersions of conjugated polymers from catalytic polymerization in aqueous systems

共轭聚合物受到广泛的学术和应用导向的兴趣。它们在技术上很重要，例如，在显示器或有机太阳能电池中的光电子学。虽然聚合物纳米颗粒的水分散体已经被广泛研究，但具有碳氢碳骨架的共轭聚合物的分散体，如聚炔、聚（苯乙烯）和聚（苯乙烯），迄今为止还难以捉摸。然而，他们是一个有吸引力的目标。除了对其制备和性能的基本兴趣之外，它们还可以解决加工问题，例如在聚合物多层结构的制备中至关重要。采用体积较大的磷化氢配体的阳离子钯催化剂，研究了乙炔和取代炔在水乳液中的催化链生长聚合，以获得聚炔分散体。研究了A2与B2单体的催化步长聚合，以及AB单体通过铃木偶联得到具有胶体稳定性的聚对苯分散体。研究了以烷基烯钌为原料，采用无环二烯复分解聚合法制备聚苯乙烯分散体。将研究反应混合物（大乳液、小乳液和微乳液）的不同初始胶体状态的不溶性单体，以及水溶性和表面活性单体。将采用合适的亲脂性和水溶性催化剂。聚合物的微观结构将被表征。聚合物纳米颗粒的大小和结构将通过透射电镜和原子力显微镜进行表征。研究了薄膜的形成及其结构与温度的关系，并对其物理性质进行了初步研究。

Conjugated polymers are subject to broad academic and applications-oriented interest. They are technologically important for, e.g., optoelectronics in displays or organic solar cells. While aqueous dispersions of polymer nanoparticles in general have been widely studied, dispersions of conjugated polymers with a hydrocarbon carbon backbone, like polyalkynes, poly(pphenylenes), and poly(phenylene vinylenes) are elusive to date. However, they are an attractive target. Beyond fundamental interest in their preparation and properties, they could resolve issues of processing, which are critical e.g. in the preparation of polymer multilayer structures. Catalytic chain-growth polymerization of acetylene and substituted alkynes in aqueous emulsion to afford polyalkyne dispersions will be investigated with cationic palladium catalysts with bulky phosphine ligands. Catalytic step-growth polymerization of A2 with B2 monomers, and of AB monomers by Suzuki coupling to colloidally stable poly(p-phenylene) dispersions will be investigated. The preparation of dispersions of poly(phenylene vinylenes) by acyclic diene metathesis polymerization with ruthenium alkylidenes is aimed at. Waterinsoluble monomers will be studied for different initial colloidal states of the reaction mixtures (macro-, mini-, and microemulsions), as well as water-soluble and surface active monomers. Suitable lipophilic and water-soluble catalysts will be employed. Polymer micro structures will be characterized. Sizes and structures of the polymer nanoparticles will be elucidated by TEM and AFM. The formation of thin films and their structures will be investigated temperature-dependent, and their physical properties studied preliminarily.