Development of direct energy conversion system from high temperature thermal radiation to electricity by solar themophotovoltaic system

太阳能热光伏系统高温热辐射到电能直接能量转换系统的开发

• 批准号: 11555057
• 负责人: YUGAMI Hiroo
• 金额: $ 8.9万
• 依托单位: TOHOKU UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11555057/
• 关键词: Termophotovoltaic; Solar Cells; Photovoltaic cell; Solar energy utilization; Concentrated Solar Energy; Selective emitter; Surface grating; Photonic crystal

Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) power generation is considered to be a new environment friendly power generation system. In this study, we have investigate the TPV system driven by concentrated solar thermal energy as the primary resource, which is called as solar-TPV and is the clean and renewable energy system. The first demonstrate of solar-TPV experiment in Japan is planned in this project. Several key component technologies, such as solar concentrator, solar thermal receiver, rare-earth selective emitter, and photovoltaic cell for TPV, are also investigated in this study. The following results are obtained in this project.(1) We have constructed the system, which was composed of the auto-tracking parabolic concentrator using CCD camera. A solar image at the focal point is evaluated by measuring the spatial distribution of solar heat. Using this data a solar thermal receiver is designed and tested under real solar system. From this experiment, we obtained receiver temperature more than 1500K by using Mo thermal shield. In addition to this, it is found selective emitter system boots the receiver temperature. This can be attributed to narrow thermal radiation spectrum. (2) Two kind of selective thermal radiators, which are a key technology to increase the TPV efficiency, are investigated in this study. Rare-earth (Er) doped selective emitter shows high selective radiation as compare as that developed by NASA and high thermal stability up to 20OK. The manufacturing process of surface grating structure on tungsten metal substrate is established. We observe the clear emission peak corresponding the surface periodicity. The high temperature resistive W gratings is also obtained in this study. (3) PV cell experiment revealed that the optimum distance between PV cell and radiator exist on TPV system.

热光伏发电被认为是一种新型的环保型发电系统。本研究以太阳能集热发电为主要能源，研究太阳能热光伏发电系统，即太阳能热光伏发电系统，是一种清洁可再生能源系统。该项目计划在日本进行首次太阳能TPV实验演示。本研究也探讨了太阳能集热器、太阳能热接收器、稀土选择性发射器、太阳能光伏电池等关键组件技术。本项目取得了以下成果。(1)我们已经建立了系统，这是由自动跟踪抛物面聚光器使用CCD相机。通过测量太阳热的空间分布来评估焦点处的太阳图像。利用这些数据设计了一个太阳能热接收器，并在真实的太阳能系统下进行了测试。在实验中，采用钼热屏，获得了1500K以上的接收器温度。此外，还发现选择性发射系统可以提高接收器的温度。这可以归因于窄的热辐射光谱。(2)本文研究了两种选择性散热器，这是提高TPV效率的关键技术。掺铒选择性发射极具有比NASA研制的选择性发射极高的辐射选择性和高达20OK的热稳定性。建立了钨金属衬底表面光栅结构的制作工艺。我们观察到清晰的发射峰对应的表面周期性。在本研究中，也获得了高温电阻W光栅。(3)光伏电池实验表明，TPV系统存在最佳的电池与散热器之间的距离。

项目成果

Y.Kanamori et.al: "100nm period silicon antireflection structures fabricated using a porous alumina membrane mask"APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS. 78. 142-143 (2001)

Y.Kanamori 等人：“使用多孔氧化铝膜掩模制造的 100nm 周期硅抗反射结构”应用物理快报。

H.Sai et al.: "MICROSTRUCTURED SI SELECTIVE EMITTERS FOR TPV GENERATION SYSTEMS"Proceedings of 28th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference,. (印刷中). (2001)

H. Sai 等人：“TPV 发电系统的微结构 SI 选择性发射器”第 28 届 IEEE 光伏专家会议论文集（2001 年）。

Hitoshi Sai, Hiroo Yugami, Yoshiaki Kanamori, and Kazuhiro Hane: "Spectrally Selective Radiators and Absorbers with Periodic Microstructured Surface for Hiah Temperature Applications"Microscale Thermophysical Engineering. 7, in-press. (2003)

Hitoshi Sai、Hiroo Yugami、Yoshiaki Kanamori 和 Kazuhiro Hane：“用于高温应用的具有周期性微结构表面的光谱选择性辐射器和吸收器”微尺度热物理工程。

Hitoshi Sai, Hiroo Yugami et al.: "Selective Radiators and Absorbers with Periodic Microstructured Surface for High Temperature Applications"Applied Physics Letters. 82. 1685-1687 (2003)

Hitoshi Sai、Hiroo Yugami 等人：“用于高温应用的具有周期性微结构表面的选择性辐射器和吸收器”应用物理快报。

Hitoshi Sai, Yoshiaki Kanamori, and Hiroo Yugami: "Selective Radiators and Absorbers with Periodic Microstructured Surface for High Temperature Applications"Applied Physics Letters. 82. 1685-1687 (2003)

Hitoshi Sai、Yoshiaki Kanamori 和 Hiroo Yugami：“用于高温应用的具有周期性微结构表面的选择性辐射器和吸收器”应用物理快报。