The field survey for the elucidation of the mechanism and the control of the drought that occurs frequently in the agricultural zone of the yellow river basin in recent years

在中国黄河流域的农业区，1972年开始频繁出现缺水现象，并一直持续到1999年。阐明了这一机制，提出了适宜的农业形态，并对黄河流域水资源进行了评价。用地面温度和GMS卫星云图建立的模型，通过多元线性回归分析，对14个点的降水量进行了预测。利用2000年6月至2002年12月的卫星资料，建立了黄河流域太阳辐射和净辐射的模型，并应用于神木和禹城地区。太阳辐射的分布与观测的气候图相似。本文还建立了一个蒸散模型，并应用于安塞。该模型显示，作物缺水151天。为了保证足够的水量，需要灌溉239 mm的水。下游流域的用水受到上游和中部流域的流出的影响，尽管已经做出了有效用水的努力，但情况仍然不可预测。利用1981-2000年的卫星遥感数据和实测数据，分析了黄河下游断流期植被的变化，并发现了黄河下游断流期径流量与植被指数之间的相关性。它来自于从黄河中汲取水来灌溉秋天。

In the agricultural area in the Yellow River basin in China, a water shortage occurred frequently in 1972 and continued until 1999. We clarified this mechanism and proposed a suitable agricultural form.Evaluation of water resources of the Yellow River basin was performed. The model with surface temperature and albedo by GMS presumes the precipitation of 14 points by multiple linear regression analysis. From this model, we concluded that the precipitation of the Yellow River basin does not have a downward tendency.We developed a model for the solar and net radiation by satellite data and applied to Shenmu and Yucheng form June 2000 to December 2002. The distribution of solar radiation is similar to the climate map by observation. We also developed a model for evapo-transpiration and applied to Ansai. The model showed there were 151 days of water shortage for crops. To keep sufficient water content, irrigation with 239mm of water was needed.The water use in the lower basin is affected the outflow from the upper and the middle basin and although the effort to effective water use was made, the situation is still unpredictable. We also investigated the change of the vegetation in the lower basin of Yellow River during the periods of dry-up of the river by satellite data and observational data in 1981-2000 and found the correlation between the water flow rate and NDVI. It came from the uptake of water from the Yellow River to irrigate the autumn.