Dosimetry study and radiation effects for the residents near Semipalatinsk nuclear test site

自1995年以来，我们一直在研究塞米巴拉金斯克核试验场附近人们的辐射效应，因为我们的机构在1994年和2002年进行了两次重组。这项研究于1994年提出，并于2002年被接受为主要研究课题之一。照射的特点是：1.包括外照射和内照射；2.高剂量水平，如外照射；3.从几周到几个月的低剂量率照射。在这项研究中，我们连续进行了土壤和人体组织的铯和钚污染测量。使用牙齿和砖块样本进行测量和外部剂量估算的准备。根据这些测量，我们在多隆发现了大约1Gy射线的照射。继续检测甲状腺、甲状腺激素水平和染色体畸变率。此外，我们正在解决个人剂量评估技术的技术问题。2002年10月，我们在塞米巴拉金斯克举行了国际剂量学研讨会。组织者是塞米巴拉金斯克的医学院和放射医学和生态学研究所，我们小组领导这次研讨会。在研讨会上，我们提出开展国际合作，以解决不同方法评估剂量的差异，并获得批准。这一点非常重要，因为我们的最终目的是从这项研究中获得辐射风险。因此，剂量学的差异直接对应于评估的风险的差异。

From 1995 we have been studied radiation effects for the people near Semipalatinsk nuclear test site, because in 1994 and 2002 our institution was reorganized twice. This study have been raised in 1994 and accepted for further study as one of the main subjects in 2002. The characteristics of the exposure are 1. include both external and internal exposure, 2. high dose levels for example 1 Gy external in Dolon and 3. low dose rate exposure from a few weeks to a few months. In this study we have been continuously performed cesium and plutonium contamination measurements for soil and human tissues. Measurement and preparation of external dose estimation using tooth and brick samples were performed. From these measurements we found in Dolon about 1Gy of exposure. We continued the examination of thyroid, its hormone level and chromosome aberration. Also we are solving technical problems for the personal dose evaluation technique. In October 2002, we held the international dosimetry symposium at Semipalatinsk. Organizers are the Medical Academy ,in Semipalatinsk and Institute for radiation medicine and ecology, and our group leads the symposium. At the symposium we proposed to begin international collaboration to solve the difference of the evaluated doses by different method and that was approved. This is very important since our final purpose is to obtain radiation risks from this study. Therefore the differences of the dosimetry correspond directly those of the evaluated risks.