The study of vascular plant diversity in the Bonin Islands including Mukozima-Retto and Kazan-Retto

Mukozima-Retto 和 Kazan-Retto 等小笠宁群岛维管束植物多样性研究

• 批准号: 14340269
• 负责人: KATO Hidetoshi
• 金额: $ 5.18万
• 依托单位: Tokyo Metropolitan University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2004
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14340269/
• 关键词: Bonin Islands; oceanic islands; flora; speciation; population structure; sexuali; non-native plant; conservation; 外来種; リスク評価; 遺伝的構造; 遺伝的分化; 性表現; 北硫黄島; AFLP; 2型異花柱性; 雄性雌雄両全異種; 聟島列島

The Bonin Islands consist of about 20 small islands, however, floristic and evolutionary studies had been conducted mainly in Chichijima and Hahajima islands, because of the difficulty to visit the other remote islands of Mukojima-Retto and Kazan-Retto. The aim of this study is to get in touch with the flora of these remote islands and to estimate the processes and factors of diversification for native plant species.The vascular flora of Mukojima and Nakodojima in Mukojima-Retto, which had been caused a great deal damage by a large number of feral goats, was confirmed. All of the goats were eradicated in recent years, however, many taxa reported in previous flora list were missing, and several non-native plant species have been irrupting. The flora of Kitaiojima in Kazan-Retto has been well preserved in comparison with Mukojima-Retto, but some invasive non-native plant species such as Ficus microcarpa have been spreading. We have studied about the impact caused by non-native species, in order to address the conservation problems for oceanic island biotas.Morphological and molecular studies to infer the speciation in oceanic islands have been progressed for genus Syzygium, Hibiscus and Boninia. These studies suggested that population structures of the plant species have been derived from ecological divergence associated with. vegetation types, mode of seed dispersal and restricted gene flow by shift of flowering periods respectively.The sexual differantations were studied for the Bonin endemics and the relatives. The Bonin endemic Wikstroemia pseudoretusa was founded to be dioecious, and it seems to evolve from the hermaphroditic ancestor within the Islands. Furthermore, we also observed that Morinda umbellata subsp. boninensis and Psychotria homalosperma are probably androdioecious and heterostylous respectively.

小笠原群岛由大约20个小岛组成，然而，由于很难访问Mukojima-Retto和Kazan-Retto等其他偏远岛屿，因此植物区系和进化研究主要在Chichijima和Hahajima群岛进行。本研究的目的是与这些偏远岛屿的植物群取得联系，并估计本地植物物种多样化的过程和因素。Mukojima-Retto的Mukojima和Nakodojima的维管植物群已被大量野山羊造成了很大的破坏，得到了证实。近年来，该地区的山羊已被全部消灭，但原有的植物群名录中所报道的植物种类却有许多缺失，一些外来植物种类不断入侵。与向岛-热图相比，喀山-热图的北大大岛的植物群保存较好，但一些外来入侵植物如小叶榕也在扩散。为了解决海岛生物多样性的保护问题，我们对非本地物种对海岛生物多样性的影响进行了研究，并对蒲桃属、木槿属和海枣属进行了形态学和分子生物学研究。这些研究表明，植物物种的种群结构已来自生态分歧与。植被类型、种子传播方式、花期转移限制基因流等方面进行了研究，并对博宁特有种及其近缘种的性分化进行了研究。发现小笠原特有的假凹叶蜡菊是雌雄异株的，它似乎是从群岛内的雌雄同体祖先进化而来的。此外，我们还观察到巴戟天（Morinda umbellata subsp. boninensis和Psychotria homalosperma可能分别为雄株异株和异花柱。

项目成果

Origin and diversification of Hibiscus glaber, species endemic to the oceanic Bonin Islands, as revealed by chloroplast DNA polymorphism.

叶绿体 DNA 多态性揭示了大洋小笠原群岛特有物种木槿的起源和多样化。

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: Molecular Ecology 14
• 作者: Takayama;K. et al.
• 通讯作者: K. et al.

Dioecy in Wikstroemia pseudoretusa (Thimelaeaceae) endemic to the Bonin (Ogasawara) islands

小笠原群岛特有的 Wikstroemia pseudoretusa（Thimelaeaceae）的雌雄异株

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 55
• 作者: Nakano M;Kinoshita E;Ueda K.;Sugawara et al.
• 通讯作者: Sugawara et al.

Morphological variation and environmental condition of Syzygium (Myrtaceae) in the Bonin Islands

小笠原群岛蒲桃科植物的形态变异与环境条件

• 发表时间: 2002
• 期刊: Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 53
• 作者: Kofuji;R. et al.;Fujita et al.
• 通讯作者: Fujita et al.

Origin and diversification of Hibiscus glaber, species endemic to the oceanic Bonin Islands, as revealed by chloroplast DNA polymorphism

叶绿体 DNA 多态性揭示了大洋小笠原群岛特有物种木槿的起源和多样化

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: Molecular Ecology 14
• 作者: Takayama et al.

2003年度北硫黄島調査の記録

2003年北硫磺岛调查记录

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: 小笠原研究年報 27
• 作者: Nishiyama T;Wolf PG;Kugita M;Sinclair RB;Sugita M;Sugiura C;Wakasugi T;Yamada K;Yoshinaga K;Yamaguchi K;Ueda K;Hasebe M.;加藤英寿
• 通讯作者: 加藤英寿