Study on automatic power genrator

随着移动信息仪器的普及，对电源的小型化提出了很高的要求。在这项研究中，各种类型的自动发电机被提出来满足这一需求。发电机连接到机器或人身上，将动能转化为电能。为了将外部振动转化为安装在发电机中的永磁体和线圈的相对运动，提出了三种类型的转换机构：振动质量、旋转质量和旋转卷筒。从理论和实验上研究了输出功率与电枢质量、振动频率、角速度、机电阻抗的关系。阐明了使输出功率达到最大的机械和电气条件。此外，还利用研制的发电机驱动了医用传感器、射频电路和测量仪器。每个生成器的轮廓如bel…所示振动型发电机对于机器振动等高频、小幅度的输入振动，该类型是非常有效的。样机的大小约为10厘米。在6赫兹、4 mm p-p的振动输入下，产生50 mW的功率。将电枢线圈分成几个部分，并控制振动质量的机电阻抗。2.旋转式发电机对人体和浮标运动等低频、大幅度的输入振动非常有效。此外，当自激旋转被诱导时，发电效率大大提高。自激转动是指惯性体在振动输入作用下像巨型摆动一样转动的现象。结果表明，在任意输入振动下，通过控制转动质量阻抗和控制初始转速，可以产生自激转动。在手表大小的样机上获得了500μW的输出功率。产生的电能在超级电容器中充电，并由其驱动脉冲血氧计和射频电路。3.旋转卷筒式发电机安装在数字卷尺中的发电机。电轴通过磁带卷轴的自然旋转而旋转。磁带位置传感器和液晶电路由所产生的电力驱动。当磁带被拉出一次时，液晶被驱动几秒钟。较少

The miniaturization of power sources are strongly required as the mobile information instruments are becoming popular. In this research, various types of automatic power generators are proposed to answer this requirement. The generators are attached to a machine or a human, and convert the kinetic energy into electric energy. To convert an external vibration into a relative movement of a permanent magnet and a coil installed in the generators, three types of converting mechanism are proposed : vibrating mass, rotating mass, and rotating reel. The relationships between output power and the mass, the vibrating frequency, the angular velocity, electro-mechanical impedance of armature are studied theoretically and experimentally. As a result, the mechanical and electrical conditions to make the output power maximum are clarified. In addition, a medical sensor, an RF circuit and a measurement instrument are driven by using the developed generators. The outline of each generator is shown bel … More ow.1.Vibration type generatorThis type is highly effective to the input vibration of high frequency and small amplitude such as the machine vibration. The size of the prototype is about 10 cm. It generates 50mW by the vibration input of 6Hz and 4mm p-p. The coil of armature is divided into several parts, and the electromechanical impedance of the vibrating mass is controlled. As a result, this generator operates by the maximum efficiency under arbitrary input amplitude.2.Rotation type generatorThis type is highly effective to the input vibration of low frequency and large amplitude such as in the human and the buoy movements. In addition, when the self-excited rotation is induced, the power generation efficiency is increased greatly. The self-excited rotation is a phenomenon that the inertia body rotates like the giant swing by the vibration input. It is shown that the self excitation rotation is able to be generated by the control of the impedance of rotating mass and the control of the initial rotating velocity under arbitrary input vibration. The output power of 500μW is obtained by the prototype generator of the size of a wristwatch. The generated electric power was charged in a super capacitor and a pulse oxygen-meter and an RF circuit are driven by it.3.Rotating reel type generatorA generator installed in a digital tape measure is produced. The armature rotates by natural rotation of the tape reel. A tape position sensor and a liquid crystal circuit are driven by the generated electric power. When the tape is pulled once, the liquid crystal is driven for a few seconds. Less