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Study on the Active Sound Cancellation Control of Railway Wheel/Rail Noises by On-vehicle-type Devices

车载装置主动消声铁路轮轨噪声控制研究

基本信息

批准号：
14350119
负责人：
ENDO Mitsuru
金额：
$ 7.55万
依托单位：
Tokyo Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14350119/
关键词：
Railway Wheel Rail System Sound Noises On-vehicle-type devices Active sound cancellation control Rolling noise Impact noise

项目摘要

Results of present project are summarized as follows :(1)Sound radiation characteristics of rolling noise and impact noise of railway wheel/rail system were first investigated theoretically by using BEM analysis and besides experimentally by field measurements of actual conventional railway line.(2)The concept of the active sound cancellation control of the railway wheel/rail noises by on-vehicle-type devices was proposed and its possibility was examined theoretically and experimentally. First, by introducing the wave absorbing control principle to cancel the noises radiated from the open under area of the vehicle over the whole lower seeable space, the methods of placement of sensor and actuator in device were constructed, and the validity of its concept in both cases of slab and ballast tracks was verified by the simulation on the basis of the two-dimensional Boundary Element Method.(3)Then, one prototype unit of devices was designed and manufactured in addition to its analog controller. And the laboratory-level experiments were carried out. In the experiments, the floor and side thin plates of a vehicle were simulated by using the Γ-shaped honeycomb panels, and both of a plane-wave speaker and a 60kg rail of length 8m excited by the electro-magnetic shaker were used as the primary noise sources. As a result, it was verified that almost equivalent active control effects of -8dB(A)〜-9dB(A) are obtained at the separated lower two points for the case of the speaker noise source and also for the noise source of randomly excited rail, active control effects of -3dB(A)〜-6dB(A) are actually obtained. Thus, the possibility of proposed concept of active sound cancellation control was fundamentally ascertained. Finally, the future prospect for practical use was examined by BEM simulation and the practical possibility of realization of the presented concept was implied.

（1）首先采用边界元法对轮轨滚动噪声和冲击噪声的声辐射特性进行了理论分析，并通过实测线路进行了实验研究。（2）提出了利用车载式降噪装置对铁路轮轨噪声进行有源消声控制的概念，并从理论和实验两方面验证了其可行性。首先，通过引入吸波控制原理，在整个下部可视空间内消除车辆下方开口区域辐射的噪声，构造了传感器和执行器的布置方法，并基于二维边界元法进行了仿真，验证了其在板式轨道和有碴轨道情况下的有效性。（3）设计并制作了一台样机，并制作了模拟控制器。并进行了实验室水平的实验。实验中，采用“Γ”形蜂窝板模拟车辆底板和侧边薄板，以平面波扬声器和电磁振动台激励的60 kg长8 m钢轨作为主要噪声源。结果验证，对于扬声器噪声源的情况，在分离的较低两点处获得了几乎等效的-8dB（A）〜-9dB（A）的主动控制效果，对于随机激励轨道噪声源的情况，实际上获得了-3dB（A）〜-6dB（A）的主动控制效果。因此，从根本上确定了提出主动声音消除控制概念的可能性。最后，通过边界元模拟分析了其实际应用的前景，并指出了实现这一概念的可能性。