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Development of Functional Dielectrics for Future All-Solid Substations

未来全固态变电站功能电介质的开发

基本信息

批准号：
14350171
负责人：
TANAKA Toshikatsu
金额：
$ 8.32万
依托单位：
Waseda University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

With future all-solid substations, functional dielectrics have been targeted as R & D. Polymer nanocomposites were chosen as such functional dielectrics. These materials were found to be much advantageous over unfilled polymers as well as conventional micro-filler filled polymers in thermal, mechanical and electrical properties. Materials investigated include polyamide/layered silicate nanocomposites, epoxy/layered silicate nanocomposites, epoxy/titania nanocomposites, and epoxy/alumina nanocomposites. Materials are characterized by SEM, AFM, XRD, Surface Roughness Meter, EDX and the like, while they are subjected to partial discharge and high local electric field to degrade.Some of the outstanding results are summarized as follows :1.Interfaces between nanofillers and surrounding polymer matrices are crucial to determine the properties of nanocomposites. Those form an interaction zone in mesoscopic scale.2.A multi-core model is proposed as fine structures of the interaction zone from theoretical consideration. Typically it consists of three layers, i.e. the first kyer, the second layer and the third layer from the contact point toward the matrices.3.It was found firstly that polyamide/layered silicate nanocomposites are far more resistant to partial discharges than unfilled polyamide and micro-filler filled polyamide. This is the first discovery of nanocomposite advantage to have initiated such studies worldwide.4.A unique manufacturing method has been developed to prepare nanocomposites in laboratory scale, especially epoxy nanocomposites.5.Epoxy nanocomposites exhibit not only excellent partial discharge resistance but also treeing resistance. These findings can be explained in term of the proposed multi-core model.6.Permittivity decreases due to nanostrucuration as our surprise, while it increase for micro-filler filled polymers. It clearly shows that interfaces are deeply involved to determine macroscopic parameters.

随着未来全固态变电站的发展，功能型电介质已成为研发的目标。功能型电介质选择了聚合物纳米复合材料。这些材料被发现在热学、机械和电学性能上比未填充聚合物和传统的微填料填充聚合物有更大的优势。研究的材料包括聚酰胺/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料、环氧树脂/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料、环氧树脂/二氧化钛纳米复合材料和环氧树脂/氧化铝纳米复合材料。通过SEM、AFM、XRD、Surface Roughness、EDX等对材料进行表征，同时对材料进行局部放电和局部强电场降解。一些突出的成果总结如下：纳米填料与周围聚合物基体之间的界面是决定纳米复合材料性能的关键。它们在介观尺度上形成相互作用带。从理论上考虑，提出了多核模型作为相互作用带的精细结构。通常它由三层组成，即从接触点到基体的第一层、第二层和第三层。研究发现，聚酰胺/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的局部放电性能远远优于未填充聚酰胺和微填料填充聚酰胺；这是纳米复合材料优势的首次发现，并在全球范围内引发了此类研究。在实验室规模下制备纳米复合材料，特别是环氧纳米复合材料，已经发展出一种独特的制造方法。环氧纳米复合材料不仅具有优异的局部放电性能，而且还具有良好的耐树性。这些发现可以用所提出的多核模型来解释。由于纳米结构导致介电常数降低，而微填料填充聚合物则增加介电常数。这清楚地表明，界面对宏观参数的确定有着深刻的影响。