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A Study on Assessing Older Persons on Visual Performances of Guide Signs

引导标志视觉表现评估老年人的研究

基本信息

批准号：
14350282
负责人：
MIZOHATA Mitsuo
金额：
$ 7.1万
依托单位：
Tokyo Metropolitan Foundation for Research on Aging and Promotion of Human Welfare ※TMF is an abbreviation of the Research Institution described above.
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14350282/
关键词：
Aging Society Older Drivers Mobility Transportation Planning Traffic of Older people

项目摘要

This study aims at finding how to show guide signs from older drivers to older pedestrians. The gereral summary were as follows :1)The questionnaire survey was carried out for older and younger persons who have driver's license. Older subjects were 70 years and older and younger subjects were in twenties. Many of older subjects pointed out that closer distance to other vehicles on the same lane brought uneasy feeling and headlight of oncoming vehicles were so bright2)The experiment used a driving simulator was executed. The simulator had a driver's seat and three displays and presented a several types of mark on these displays. According to the results obtained by this experiment, older drivers had much time than younger drivers at seeing the mark presented on the left-side display and their such lag was longer at seeing a moving mark than a stationary mark. Moreover, Some of the older subjects had a slight cognitive impairment in the Behavioral Inattention Test. This means that driver … More s with such cognitive impairment exist in our older drivers population.3)The experiment used a driving recorder was executed. The recorder was installed under the front seats of vehicles in which older and younger subjects drive, and was recorded the vehicle motion beyond 0.2g for 1 week. The analysis of vehicle motion obtained showed that many of older subjects didn't make such stiffer or pressing motion but some of older subjects made a risky motion.4)The visual or cognitive driving performance degenerates with advancing age. Many of older persons have maintained the performances of safety driving but some of them seem to be involved in a risky traffic trouble. In this sense the countermeasures for older persons are a difficult issue. The interdisciplinary approach is necessary to support mobility and safety for older people. A collaboration study among driving trainers, rehabilitation specialists, car engineers, psychologists, urban planners, and psychiatrists should be executed.5)The guidelines on design of guide signs were as follows : if possible, the position is to install within the central visual field of older people, the contrast of some characters to its background is to be clear, and the desirable type of characters to reduce the reaction time is "KANJI". Less

本研究的目的在于探讨老年驾驶员如何向老年行人展示指路标志。主要内容如下：1）对有驾驶证的老年人和青年人进行了问卷调查。老年受试者年龄为70岁，老年和年轻受试者年龄为20岁。许多年长的受试者指出，在同一车道上与其他车辆的距离较近会带来不安的感觉，迎面而来的车辆的前灯太亮了2）使用驾驶模拟器进行实验。模拟器有一个驾驶员座位和三个显示器，并在这些显示器上显示几种类型的标记。根据该实验获得的结果，年长的驾驶员比年轻的驾驶员在看到左侧显示器上呈现的标记时有更多的时间，并且他们在看到移动标记时的这种滞后比看到静止标记时的滞后更长。此外，一些老年受试者在行为注意力不集中测试中有轻微的认知障碍。这意味着司机 ...更多信息在我们的老年驾驶员群体中存在这样的认知障碍。3）使用驾驶记录仪进行实验。将记录仪安装在老年人和年轻人驾驶的车辆的前排座椅下，并记录车辆运动超过0.2g，持续1周。对车辆运动的分析表明，许多老年人并没有做出这种僵硬或压迫的运动，但也有一些老年人做出了危险的运动。4）随着年龄的增长，视觉或认知驾驶性能下降。许多老年人保持了安全驾驶的表现，但他们中的一些人似乎参与了危险的交通事故。从这个意义上说，老年人的对策是一个难题。需要采取跨学科的办法来支持老年人的行动和安全。应在驾驶培训师、康复专家、汽车工程师、心理学家、城市规划师和精神病学家之间进行合作研究。5）关于路标设计的指导方针如下：如果可能的话，位置尽量安装在老年人的中央视野内，某些文字与其背景的对比要清晰，而减少反应时间的理想字符类型是“汉字”。少