Virus Inactivation in Coagulants : Secondary Effect of Aluminum and Iron Coagulation Reactions

无机铝盐，例如硫酸铝，是引起小颗粒，例如细菌和病毒以及无机颗粒不稳定并联合收割机结合成较大聚集体的凝结剂。采用4种不同的铝混凝剂对Qβ、MS2、T4和P1病毒污染的水样进行了批量混凝处理。在通过用碱性牛肉提取物溶液提高pH溶解絮凝物颗粒后，测量最终通过投加凝结剂形成的絮凝物颗粒悬浮液中的总感染性病毒浓度。在水样中加入铝凝固剂后，病毒浓度大大降低。然而，病毒混合并吸附到预先形成的氢氧化铝絮凝物上，在絮凝物溶解后完全回收。这些结果表明，铝凝固过程灭活病毒。预水解铝盐混凝剂聚合氯化铝（PAC）的杀病毒活性最突出。河水的杀病毒活性低于超纯水，河水中的天然有机物抑制了杀病毒活性。对病毒灭活的机理和动力学进行了讨论。我们的研究结果表明，在水解过程中形成的中间聚合物的铝凝固剂强烈吸附到病毒，使它们失去活性或防止感染性。

Inorganic aluminum salts, such as aluminum sulfate, are coagulants that cause small particles, such as bacteria and viruses as well as inorganic particles, to destabilize and combine into larger aggregates. In this investigation, batch coagulation treatments of water samples spiked with Qβ, MS2, T4, and P1 viruses were conducted with 4 different aluminum coagulants. The total infectious virus concentration in the suspension of floc particles that eventually formed by dosing with coagulant was measured after the floc particles were dissolved by raising the pH with an alkaline beef extract solution. The virus concentrations were extremely reduced after the water samples were dosed with aluminum coagulants. Viruses mixed with and adsorbed onto preformed aluminum hydroxide floc were, however, completely recovered after the floc dissolution. These results indicated that the aluminum coagulation process inactivates viruses. Virucidal activity was most prominent with the prehydrolyzed aluminum salt coagulant, polyaluminum chloride (PAC). Virucidal activity was lower in river water than in ultra-pure water-natural organic matter in the river water depressed the vrucidal activity. Mechanisms and kinetics of the virus inactivation were discussed. Our results suggest that intermediate polymers formed during hydrolysis of the aluminum coagulants sorbed strongly to viruses, either rendering them inactive or preventing infectivity.