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Development of Multi-layer Zone Smoke Transport Computer Model

多层区域烟气输送计算机模型的研制

基本信息

批准号：
14350321
负责人：
TANAKA Takeyoshi
金额：
$ 6.27万
依托单位：
KYOTO UN I VERS I TY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14350321/
关键词：
building fire smoke transport prediction multi-laver zone model two-layer zone model vertical temperature distribution species concentration ceiling jet fire safety design 多数室多層ゾーン煙流動建築火災予測モデル火災実験火災ブリュームコンピューターモデル火災プリュ

项目摘要

Traditionally, fire safety designs of buildings have been guided by prescriptive provisions set out in building and fire service laws. Recent years, however, demands for more rational and cost-effective designs have become stronger reflecting the notable progress in fire safety engineering and worldwide trend of performance-based fire safety design practices have developed. It is noted that fire models such as 'two layer zone models' and 'CFD models' have played a great role in the new fire design practices. The former, which predicts fire physic behavior of smoke transport by considering an upper and lower layers in each room of a building as control volumes, have been most popular in fire safety design practices because of its undemanding computational burden although it can only predict average physical properties of the two layers. On the other hand, the latter have been more powerful to investigate fire behavior in detail because it can give a great amount of information on fire p … More henomena although its computation is significantly demanding.In this project, a new smoke transport model was developed based on multiple layer concept. It can give more detailed information than two layer zone models such as vertical distributions of temperature and species concentrations in rooms and ceiling jet temperature while maintaining the undemanding nature of two layer zone models in computational time and data input. In this model, each room in a building is divided into arbitrary number of horizontal layers. The physics relating smoke transport were mathematically modeled letting each horizontal layer as a control volume to establish a formula set of the model and a computer model was developed for numerical computation of the model. Incidentally, the fire plume in this model continues to rise until hitting room ceiling unlike the uniform mixing in the upper layer of a fire plume assumed in the existing two layer zone models. The predictions by the multi-layer zone model were compared with the results of a full-scale fire test conducted in this project and some of the existing experiments with satisfactory agreement. This model is evaluated to be a potential candidate of new generation smoke transport to be used in fire safety designs of actual buildings. Less

传统上，建筑物的消防安全设计一直受到建筑物和消防法律中规定的规范性条款的指导。然而，近年来，随着消防安全工程的显着进步和基于性能的消防安全设计实践在世界范围内的发展趋势，人们对更加合理和具有成本效益的设计的需求变得更加强烈。指出“两层区域模型”和“CFD模型”等火灾模型在新的火灾设计实践中发挥了重要作用。前者通过考虑建筑物每个房间的上下两层作为控制体来预测火灾时烟气传输的行为，尽管它只能预测两层的平均物理性质，但由于其计算负担不高，因此在消防安全设计实践中最受欢迎。另一方面，后者由于能提供大量的火灾过程信息，在详细研究火灾行为方面更有优势。 ...更多信息在本项目中，基于多层概念开发了一种新的烟气传输模型。它可以提供比两层区域模型更详细的信息，如房间内温度和物种浓度的垂直分布以及天花板射流温度，同时保持两层区域模型在计算时间和数据输入方面的要求不高。在该模型中，建筑物中的每个房间都被划分为任意数量的水平层。对烟气输运的物理过程进行了数学建模，以各水平层为控制体，建立了模型的计算公式，并建立了计算机模型进行数值计算。顺便说一句，在这个模型中的火羽流继续上升，直到击中房间天花板不同的均匀混合在上层的火羽流假设在现有的两层区域模型。多层区域模型的预测结果进行了比较，在这个项目中进行的全尺寸火灾试验和一些现有的实验结果令人满意的协议。该模型有望作为新一代烟气传输模型应用于实际建筑的消防设计。少