Development of Reactors and Dialysis Devices without Damaging Fragile Emulsion

这项研究旨在开发新的反应器和透析设备，而不会损坏易碎的材料。易碎物料需要低剪切流和层流。因此，层流场的混沌混合适合于这种反应器的开发。首先，本文采用构造法提出了一种新的混合场设计方法，并讨论了该方法在二维层流混合场中的适用性。该方法由基于信息熵理论的估计方法和基于遗传算法的优化方法组成。一个非常简单的旋转流被分配给一个基本组件。该方法成功地搜索了旋转流的接近最优配置，以获得良好的混合状态。其次，采用二阶反应系统，实验研究了混合对循环泰勒涡流反应器中化学反应的影响。用流动显示技术观察了泰勒涡胞内的混合行为。流动可视化实验清楚地揭示了低雷诺数下泰勒涡单元内存在两个混合区。即流动在胞体边界附近的流体在轴向上得到了很好的混合，而被限制在涡核区域的流体元没有与柱壁面发生碰撞。该涡旋核心区可以看作是一个孤立的混合区。在反应实验中发现，具有较大隔离混合区域的层流和单周期波状泰勒涡流型的反应速率比准周期和弱湍流泰勒涡流型的反应速率大。采用流动可视化和盐溶液技术研究了锥形泰勒涡流反应器内的混合行为。观察到三种不同的流动模式，即正常的稳定泰勒涡流动、泰勒涡的上升运动和螺旋涡流动。在向上运动的情况下，示踪物质随横截面主流的运动涡和胞外边缘边界的二次流流线进行输送。少

This research aimed to develop new reactors and dialysis devices without damaging fragile materials. A low shear and laminar flow is required for the fragile materials. Hence, chaotic mixing in a laminar flow field is suitable for development of such reactors. First, this research proposed a new design method of mixing field by means of a constructive approach and to discuss applicability of this method to a two-dimensional laminar mixing field. The presented method consisted of an estimation method based on the information entropy theory and a optimization method using a genetic algorithm. A very simple rotating flow is assigned for a basic component. This method successfully searched the very near optimal configuration of the rotating flow for obtaining a well-mixing state. Next, effect of mixing on chemical reactions in circular Taylor vortex flow reactor was experimentally investigated by using a second-order reaction system. The mixing behaviors in the inside of Taylor vortex cell … More s were also observed by a flow-visualization technique. The flow-visualization experiment clearly revealed the existence of two mixing zones within a Taylor vortex cell at low Reynolds numbers. Namely, the fluid flowing near the cell boundary was axially well-mixed, while the fluid element confined to the vortex core region did not collide with cylindrical wall. This vortex, core region can be regarded as an isolated mixing region. It was found in the reaction experiment that the reaction rate was larger in laminar and singly periodic wavy Taylor vortex flow regimes having large isolated mixing region than in quasi-periodic and weakly turbulent Taylor vortex flow regimes. Mixing behaviors in a conical Taylor vortex flow reactor were investigated using flow visualization and salt-solution techniques. Three different flow modes were observed, i.e. a normal steady Taylor vortex flow, an upward motion of the Taylor vortices and helical vortex flow. In the case of the upward traveling motion, the tracer substance was transported with the traveling vortices in the main flow of cross-section and along the secondary flow streamlines at the outer-edge cell boundaries. Less