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Studies on Forest Commons from the aspects of Communication and Theory of Civic Society

从传播学和公民社会理论角度研究森林公地

基本信息

批准号：
14360086
负责人：
KITAO Kuninobu
金额：
$ 8.64万
依托单位：
Shimane University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14360086/
关键词：
Commons Communal Forest Civic Society Management of Regional Forest Symbiotic Recycle Society Decentralization Public Participation Forest Governance 里山 C・P・R 自然資源管理近代化地域生態系

项目摘要

In order to approach the goal, we practiced mainly the following research works : 1)inviting totally three prominent scholars on "Commons" : a philosopher ; a sociologist ; and an economist, to have frank discussion with the project members ; 2)having five internal intensive discussion meetings on definition of "Commons" concept and its availability for natural resource management ; 3)group research tour visiting common lands and related public and private organizations in England ; 4)on-site survey in each member's research field.As outputs of the project, we promoted and managed a concurrent session on "Forest Commons" at the second half general meeting of the Japanese Forest Economics Society held at University of Tsukuba in the fall of 2004. Moreover an academic book was published and one more will be published soon by the members.As the title of the project shows, focal point of the study was some kind of reconciliation between Communitarism and theory of "civic society". In other … More words, we tried to combine our traditional academic knowledge and recognition on Iriai communal forest which is the well-known type of "tight" commons in the world with our increasing concerns with recent prevailing civic movement protecting and managing man-made or semi-natural woodlots. We might also concern with expanding sphere of definition of commons using the word like "global" commons or "cyber" commons. Major disputed points were those : 1)should commons be productive? ; 2)should commons be local or regional? ; 3)what is the relationship between commons and governance?In consequence, we have not succeeded to directly solve the questions and to connect the traditional commons and the newly emerging commons yet. Preferably, we can say that the term "commons" is used quite variously and how to define it depends on users. As we sub-titled the session at the last fall's JFES conference "Using Commons concept as a tool for understanding", we can conclude that the idea of commons on ownership and natural resource management is very crucial for establishment of local environmental governance. Less

为了实现这一目标，我们主要进行了以下研究工作：1）共邀请了三位著名的“公地”学者：一位哲学家；社会学家；和一名经济学家，与项目成员进行坦诚的讨论； 2）召开五次内部密集讨论会议，讨论“公地”概念的定义及其对自然资源管理的可用性； 3）团体考察访问英国公共土地和相关公共和私人组织； 4）对每个成员的研究领域进行现场调查。作为该项目的成果，我们在2004年秋季于筑波大学举行的日本森林经济学会下半年会员大会上推动并管理了关于“森林共享”的同期会议。此外，成员们还出版了一本学术书籍，并且很快将出版一本。正如该项目的标题所示，该研究的焦点是社群主义与“公民”理论之间的某种调和。社会”。换句话说，我们试图将我们的传统学术知识和对 Iriai 公共森林的认识与我们对最近盛行的保护和管理人造或半天然林地的公民运动的日益关注结合起来，Iriai 公共森林是世界上众所周知的“紧缩”公地类型。我们可能还担心使用“全球”公地或“网络”公地等词来扩大公地定义的范围。主要争议点是：1）公地应该具有生产力吗？ ; 2）公共资源应该是本地的还是区域的？ ; 3）公地与治理的关系是什么？因此，我们还没有成功地直接解决这些问题，将传统公地与新兴公地联系起来。优选地，我们可以说术语“共享”的使用方式多种多样，并且如何定义它取决于用户。正如我们在去年秋天的 JFES 会议上将会议的副标题“使用公地概念作为理解工具”一样，我们可以得出结论，关于所有权和自然资源管理的公地理念对于建立地方环境治理至关重要。较少的