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Development of Moisture Holding Materials from Waste Biomass and Their Applicater

废弃生物质保湿材料的研制及其应用

基本信息

批准号：
14360152
负责人：
KITANI Osamu
金额：
$ 9.54万
依托单位：
Nihon University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14360152/
关键词：
Moisture holding material Carbonated material Food waste Arid land Planting trees Crop test Drought-to-death test Australia 栽培地イラン土壌保水材炭化バイオマス有機廃棄物植物水環境土中圧入機

项目摘要

Waste biomass such as rice straw, husk, cotton, tea leaves, coffee ground and their carbonated materials were _pF-tested. They revealed moisture holding capability. Especially, cotton fiber, carbonated coffee ground and tea leaves showed high moisture holding capacity. In the simulated arid environment, eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn.) and cotton (Gossypium herbaceum) were tested with and without the carbonated coffee ground as soil moisture holding material. Test results indicated that carbonated coffee ground held more soil water and contributed to the plant growth. Cotton fiber as moisture holding material buried in upper layer of rhizosphere served for better plant growth than that in the lower layer.Positive effect of the carbonated coffee ground was observed in a series of drought-to-death tests of eucalyptus and cotton in a dry greenhouse. It was suggested that the moisture holding material would help young plants to survive in a critical dry condition after their transplantation.A portable machine to drive the moisture holding materials into the soil was designed, fabricated and tested. It is powered by a two-cycle gasoline engine, and can put fine carbonated biomass wasted in soils. It was not easy to put various shapes of carbonated biomass waste into the soil without clogging in the auger tube, and modification of the machine was necessary.Field test with carbonated tea leaves was performed in an arid ground in West Australia. The test result indicated that the moisture holding capability of the tea leaves helped to increase the tree height and stem diameter of young trees.

对稻草、稻壳、棉花、茶叶、咖啡渣及其碳酸材料等废弃生物质进行了 pF 测试。他们展示了保湿能力。尤其是棉纤维、碳酸咖啡粉和茶叶显示出高保湿能力。在模拟干旱环境中，对使用或不使用碳酸咖啡粉作为土壤保湿材料的桉树（Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn.）和棉花（Gossypium herbaceum）进行了测试。测试结果表明，碳酸咖啡渣保留了更多的土壤水分，有助于植物生长。埋在根际上层的棉纤维作为保湿材料，比下层的植物生长更好。在干燥温室中对桉树和棉花进行的一系列干旱致死试验中，观察到碳酸咖啡渣的积极作用。有人认为，保湿材料有助于幼苗在移植后在临界干燥条件下生存。设计、制造和测试了一种将保湿材料驱动到土壤中的便携式机器。它由二冲程汽油发动机提供动力，可以将废弃的细小碳酸生物质放入土壤中。将各种形状的碳酸生物质废物放入土壤中而不堵塞螺旋钻管并不容易，因此需要对机器进行改造。在西澳大利亚的干旱土地上对碳酸茶叶进行了现场试验。试验结果表明，茶叶的保水能力有助于增加幼树的树高和茎粗。