Study on Moisture Control of Plants by Means of Fibrous Membrane Coatings

纤维膜涂层对植物水分控制的研究

• 批准号: 10460113
• 负责人: KITANI Osamu
• 金额: $ 8.77万
• 依托单位: Nihon University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10460113/
• 关键词: Membrane coating; Plants; Transpiration; Water requirement; Fibrous membrane coating; Dry land farming

Reduction of moisture requirement of plants is important to cultivate crops in arid lands and will be necessitated even in the usual lands where water will be used more for factories and daily life. Covering plants by porous membrane will reduce transpiration and therefore moisture requirement. Study was conducted to develop a technique to reduce water requirement of plants by covering it with membrane. Fibrous membrane using fibers from waste biomass was developed and applied to the plant leaves so that it reduces transpiration with minimum coverage of the stomata. Transpiration was measured by weight method. Photosynthetic rate was measured by a CO_2 meter with growth chambers. Plant weight in dry matter was measured at the end of the growth test. Rice, radish and Melicotu albus were tested as herbaceous plants. Rose was tested representing woody plant. The transpiration of radish decreased in average 11.2% with, little effect on photosynthesis, but in case of rice, its transpiration decreased with remarkable reduction of photosynthesis. An arid land plant, Melicotu albus showed little effect of coating in winter. Rose reduced its transpiration at first stage, but the effect of coating disappeared thereafter.

减少植物的水分需求对于在干旱土地上种植作物是重要的，即使在工厂和日常生活将更多地用水的通常土地上，也是必要的。用多孔薄膜覆盖植物可以减少蒸腾作用，从而减少水分需求。研究开发了一种通过地膜覆盖来降低植物需水量的技术。利用废弃生物质纤维开发了纤维膜，并将其应用于植物叶片，以减少蒸腾作用，并最大限度地覆盖气孔。蒸腾作用的测定采用重量法。用带生长室的CO_2测定仪测定光合作用速率。在生长试验结束时测量植株干物质的重量。以水稻、萝卜和草本植物为试验对象，对水稻、萝卜和草本植物进行了研究。玫瑰被测试为木本植物的代表。萝卜的蒸腾作用平均下降11.2%，对光合作用影响不大，而水稻的蒸腾作用减少，光合作用显著降低。美洲斑潜蝇是一种旱地植物，冬季覆盖效果不明显。月季前期蒸腾作用减弱，但之后包膜效应消失。

项目成果

O. Kitani: "Natural Energy and Biomass"CIGR Handbook. Vol. V. 1-3, 6-11 (1999)

O. Kitani：“自然能源和生物质”CIGR 手册。

M.Yoshida, O.Kitani, K.Roy, H.Kawanishi, T.Torii: "Reduction of Water Requirement of Plants by Means of Fibrous Membrane coating"Proceedings of the XIV Memorial CIGR World Congress. 1353-1357 (2000)

M.Yoshida、O.Kitani、K.Roy、H.Kawanishi、T.Torii：“通过纤维膜涂层减少植物需水量”第十四届纪念 CIGR 世界大会论文集。

O.Kitani, T.Toda, K.Roy: "Energy and Environment in Agricultural Engineering Research"Proceedings of the International Agricultural Engineering Conference. 1-10 (1998)

O.Kitani、T.Toda、K.Roy：“农业工程研究中的能源与环境”国际农业工程会议论文集。

M.Yoshida, O.Kitani, K. Roy, H. Kawanishi and T. Torii: "Study on the Reduction of Moisture Requirement of Plants by Means of Fibrous Membrane Coating"Journal of the Japanese Society of Agricultural Machinery. 64(1). 77-82 (2002)

M.Yoshida、O.Kitani、K. Roy、H. Kawanishi 和 T. Torii：“通过纤维膜涂层降低植物水分需求的研究”日本农业机械学会杂志。

Osamu Kitani: "CIGR Handbook Vol.V.Energy and Biomass Engineeringの“Biomass Resources"" American Society of Agricultural Engineers (ASAE), 340 1-3, 7-11 (1999)

Osamu Kitani：“能源和生物质工程中的 CIGR 手册第 V 卷“生物质资源””美国农业工程师学会 (ASAE)，340 1-3, 7-11 (1999)