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STUDY ON DEVELOPMENT OF MONITORING OF RADIOACTIVE NOVLE NOBLE GASES

放射性稀有气体监测技术发展研究

基本信息

批准号：
14380236
负责人：
MUNAKATA Kenzo
金额：
$ 7.68万
依托单位：
Kyushu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14380236/
关键词：
Radioactive noble gas Adsorption Krypton Xenon Measurement system Numerical simulation Design Monitoring

项目摘要

It is necessary to develop the monitoring system of radioactive noble gases for internatnnal supervision of nuclear tests, prevention of nuclear terrorism and peaceful utilization of nuclear energy. In this study ; we investigated the technology of glycogenic adsorption and separation technology of radioactive noble gases that are the key technologies for the monitoring system. Fast, vie investigated the adsorption characteristics of noble gases without the influence of bulk gas in detail, and the basic adsorption characteristics such as adsorption isotherm and mass transfer mechanisaa were understood. With this background, next, we carried out a screening test of adsorbents for cryogenic adsorption under nitrogen atmosphere at the temperature of 87 K. The result indicates that carbon-based adsorbents are suitable far cryogenic adsorption of krypton. It was also found that the adsorption amounts of krypton on non carbon-based adsorbents are considerably decreased due to the presence of … More nitrogen. Consequently, we conducted more detailed study of adsorption characteristics of krypton on carbon based adsorbents such as activated charcoal (Merck Inc), activated charcoal (kishida Kagaku Inc.), Ambersorb 572 and Ryujyo Shirasagi. Adsorption isotherms and adsorption rates were quantified by analyzing experimental results As a result, the Ambersorb 572 adsorbent was found to have the best performance with regard to adsorption capacity and adsorption rate. Numerical simulations for the real adsorption bed of the monitoring system used in Meteorogical Research Institute were performed using the results obtained for the activated charcoal (Merck Inc.). The result suggests that the present amount of the adsorbent allows 100 % recovery of atomospheric krypton during the collecting period if the temperature of the adsorbent is kept at 80〜100 K. Additionally, it was also, found that further downsizing of the monitoring system is possible by using the Ambersorb 572 adsorbent if the adsorption bed is consistently operated at cryogenic temperatures without system malfunctions. A screening test was also conducted at dry ice temperature to find suitable adsorbents for adsorption of xenon. The result reveal that an Ag-modernite adsorbent is a proper adsorbent for the adsorption of xenon. Less

发展放射性惰性气体监测系统对于核试验的国际监督、防止核恐怖主义以及和平利用核能都是十分必要的。在本研究中;研究了监测系统的关键技术-糖原吸附技术和放射性惰性气体分离技术。通过对惰性气体在无本体气体影响下的吸附特性的研究，了解了吸附等温线和传质机理等基本吸附特性。在此背景下，接下来，我们在87 K的温度下在氮气气氛下进行了用于低温吸附的吸附剂的筛选试验。结果表明，碳基吸附剂适用于低温吸附氪。实验还发现，氪在非碳基吸附剂上的吸附量由于存在 ...更多信息氮气因此，我们对氪在碳基吸附剂如活性炭（Merck Inc）、活性炭（Kishida Kagaku Inc.）Ambersorb 572和Ryujyo Shirasagi通过对实验结果的分析，对吸附等温线和吸附速率进行了定量分析。结果表明，Ambersorb 572吸附剂在吸附容量和吸附速率方面具有最佳性能。使用从活性炭（Merck Inc.）获得的结果对气象研究所使用的监测系统的真实的吸附床进行数值模拟。结果表明，当吸附剂的温度保持在80 ~ 100 K时，在目前的吸附剂用量下，在收集期间可使大气氪的回收率达到100%。此外，还发现，如果吸附床在低温下持续运行而没有系统故障，则可以通过使用Ambersorb 572吸附剂进一步缩小监测系统的尺寸。还在干冰温度下进行了筛选试验，以找到适合吸附氙的吸附剂。结果表明，银丝光沸石是一种较好的氙吸附剂。少