Basic Researches on the Micropositioning techniques of Cells and Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering

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Biological tissues and organs are constructed with a microscopic structure, with several types of cells and extra cellular matrixes, in three dimensionally. Therefore, it is very important in the field of tissue engineering to establish the technologies to position living cells and biological materials precisely onto an intentionally targeted position.In this research project, we have been aiming to make basic researches and to produce some innovative technologies to position living cells onto the targeted position, to contribute to develop tissue engineering. As some of the promising approaches, we have investigated the feasibility of micropositioning techniques of living cells and biomaterials such as using inkjet printing and micromanipulation techniques. And we summarized the concept and discussed about the possibilities of these approaches for tissue engineering.We focused mainly on the inkjet techniques for tissue engineering. We have challenged to eject living cells using inkjet … More machine, and have investigated the damages of the ejected cells. As a result, we have recognized that we could eject living cells without significant damages. To avoid drying of cells and to construct three-dimensional structures, we developed a gel formation technique by inkjet printing. With this technique, we could prevent cells from drying and succeeded in the construction of three dimensional gel structures such as a lattice and a tube with fine gel fibers, including living cells in them. Such techniques for micropositioning of cells and biomaterials enables us to manufacture biological tissues with the techniques of computer aided designing and manufacturing. Innovative tissue engineering will come true.Then, we designed a microvasculature pattern and evaluated it using the technique of computational fluid dynamics. In addition, we constructed computational three-dimensional model of organs from a clinical CT scan data, and made some three dimensional cast models based on such CAD data using three-dimensional printer.In these ways, we have made basic researches on the micropositioning techniques of cells and biomaterials for tissue engineering and have demonstrated the possibility of these approaches using computer and micropositioning techniogies. Collaboration of advanced computer and mechanical technologies with tissue engineering will surely contribute to the future of tissue engineering medicine. Less