Simulating Food Evacuation Behavior : An application of Quasi-isomorphic Knowledge Model

模拟食物疏散行为：准同构知识模型的应用

• 批准号: 14390021
• 负责人: SAKANO Tatsuro
• 金额: $ 5.12万
• 依托单位: TOKYO INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2004
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14390021/
• 关键词: Flood Evacuation; Protocol Analysis; Implicature; リフレクティブ・グループ討議法; 非言語化ルールの推定; 事実推論ルール; 行動決定ルール; 研究発表

The purpose of this study is to build a simulation model to emulate decision process of individual citizens' evacuation behaviors in the face of flood emergency. The study consists of three parts : 1)protocol experiment for collecting think aloud protocol, 2)detecting factual-inference rules and behavioral rules from the recorded protocol, and 3)simulate the decision process.In the first year, an experimental setting was constructed by using video image to give virtual flood evacuation experiences to the 20 subjects, and recorded the think aloud protocol to reveal what are their decisions and how they come about such decisions. From the protocol, the propositions related to evacuation decision are extracted. Most of think aloud protocols are ill-formed sentences similar to spoken language. Besides that, various modality expressions are attached to proposition in Japanese. To deal with these two causes of ambiguity, we developed a method to separate modality and proposition and a method … More to transform ill-formed sentence to well-formed sentence.In the second year, behavioral propositions and factual propositions are separated using the functional classification of sentence. Then four categories of evacuation behaviors, information gathering, preparation of evacuation, communication, and evacuation, are detected. It is shown that the meaning of transitive verves can be analyzed using case restriction, thus enabling to correspond transitive to the four categories detected. Against the expectation, the meaning analysis does not require pragmatic interpretation, probably because the decision context is fixed like in this study.In the final, third year, factual propositions are analyzed. Three different aspects of propositions are identified : 1)time frame, 2)case relatedness of objects, and 3)descriptive forms. Finally, the factual rules and behavioral rules detected above are modeled into a simulator and can emulate successfully the difference between the experienced subjects and the non-experienced subjects. Less

本研究的目的是建立一个仿真模型来模拟面对洪水突发事件时市民个体疏散行为的决策过程。本研究包括三个部分：1)收集有声思考协议的协议实验；2)从记录的协议中检测事实推理规则和行为规则；3)模拟决策过程。第一年，通过视频图像构建实验环境，为20名受试者提供虚拟的洪水疏散体验，并记录下他们的思考方案，揭示他们的决定是什么以及他们是如何做出这些决定的。从协议中提取了疏散决策的相关命题。大多数“大声思考”协议都是类似于口语的格式错误的句子。此外，在日语中，各种情态表达都附属于命题。为了解决这两种歧义产生的原因，我们提出了一种分离情态和命题的方法，以及一种将病态句子转化为格式良好句子的方法。第二年，用句子的功能分类将行为命题和事实命题分开。然后将疏散行为分为信息收集、疏散准备、沟通和疏散四类。研究表明，用格限分析及物气韵的意义，可以使及物与检测到的四种类型相对应。与预期相反，意义分析不需要语用解释，可能是因为决策语境与本研究一样是固定的。最后，第三年，分析事实命题。命题的三个不同方面被确定：1)时间框架，2)对象的情况关联，和3)描述形式。最后，将上述检测到的事实规则和行为规则建模到模拟器中，可以成功地模拟有经验的被试和没有经验的被试之间的差异。少