Comparing Engineering Design Methods: a Protocol Analysis-Based Design Cognition Approach

比较工程设计方法：基于协议分析的设计认知方法

• 批准号: 0926908
• 负责人: John Gero
• 金额: $ 33.7万
• 依托单位: George Mason University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-01 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0926908&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Comparing; Engineering; Design; Methods; Protocol

The research objective of this award is to determine the cognitive differences of different engineering design methods. The understanding of engineering design based on scientific evidence is still in its infancy. The approach is to utilize protocol studies, under development in design cognition, using on a principled coding scheme founded on Gero?s Function-Behavior-Structure ontology of designing. Individuals will be taught a range of design methods. Design teams will be formed and given open-ended design tasks. Design teams will be studied using the protocol method while employing one of the taught methods. The resulting design proposals will be evaluated. The protocols will be segmented and coded using the principled coding scheme. The resulting codings and the ensuing linkographs will be analyzed for cognitive structures using statistical techniques including clustering and Markov chain analysis. In addition, entropy analyses of the linkographs and the change in entropy over time will be calculated. The results from these analyses will form the basis of the comparison of the cognitive differences between the engineering design methods studied. A correlation between engineering design cognitive behavior and design outcomes will be carried out. Deliverables will include: empirical data on engineering design behavior in the form of videos of design sessions of teams using different design methods; transcriptions of the design sessions; coded data; linkographs; and the results of the analyses. These represent different levels of granularity from data through to highly processed information.If successful, the results of this research will provide support for a science of engineering design by providing a principled method and a base of results that can be utilized to compare methods and models. The award will demonstrate analytical techniques for the analysis of engineering design protocols using engineering design domain knowledge, techniques which can be used across the entire domain of engineering design. The results will provide the foundation for the evaluation of engineering design tools and techniques.

该奖项的研究目标是确定不同工程设计方法的认知差异。基于科学证据的工程设计理解仍处于起步阶段。该方法是利用设计认知中正在开发的协议研究，使用基于 Gero 的功能-行为-结构本体设计的原则性编码方案。个人将学习一系列设计方法。将组建设计团队并承担开放式设计任务。设计团队将使用协议方法进行研究，同时采用其中一种教学方法。由此产生的设计方案将被评估。协议将使用原则编码方案进行分段和编码。将使用包括聚类和马尔可夫链分析在内的统计技术来分析由此产生的编码和随后的链接图的认知结构。此外，还将计算链接图的熵分析以及熵随时间的变化。这些分析的结果将构成比较所研究的工程设计方法之间的认知差异的基础。将进行工程设计认知行为与设计结果之间的关联。可交付成果将包括： 以使用不同设计方法的团队设计会议视频形式呈现的工程设计行为的经验数据；设计会议的转录；编码数据；链接图；以及分析结果。这些代表了从数据到高度处理的信息的不同粒度级别。如果成功，这项研究的结果将为工程设计科学提供支持，提供可用于比较方法和模型的原则性方法和结果基础。该奖项将展示使用工程设计领域知识来分析工程设计协议的分析技术，这些技术可以在整个工程设计领域使用。研究结果将为工程设计工具和技术的评估提供基础。